高一Unit 22
本單元重、難點(diǎn)的講解
1．Have you ever been to an amusement park?
你去過(guò)露天游樂(lè )場(chǎng)嗎？
amusement park（美）兒童樂(lè )園；露天游樂(lè )場(chǎng)
amusement作不可數名詞時(shí)，當“娛樂(lè )，消遣、興趣”；作可數名詞時(shí)，當“快樂(lè )的事；娛樂(lè )（品）。”如：
The little girl looked at me in amusement. 小女孩饒有趣味地看著(zhù)我。
To our great amusement，the teacher sang a funny song in class.
老師在課堂上唱了一首滑稽的歌，令我們非常愉快。
There were lots of amusements at the fair.
在展覽會(huì )上有許多有趣的東西。
amusement的動(dòng)詞amuse，是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使……快樂(lè )，逗笑；給……提供娛樂(lè )”。其用法如下：
①amuse sb./ oneself（with…）例如：
Her story amused the children greatly. 她的故事逗得那些小孩十分開(kāi)心。
The girls amused themselves with dolls. 那些女孩玩洋娃娃玩得很高興。
②be amused at / by / with…以……為樂(lè )。如：
The audience was amused by the magician’s tricks.
觀(guān)眾被魔術(shù)師的戲法逗樂(lè )了。
③be amused to do sth. 做……取樂(lè )。如：
I was very much amused to see the seal perform its tricks.
我被海豹的特技表演逗樂(lè )了。
注意：表示情感的動(dòng)詞的用法大致相同。如：
be surprised / excited / disappointed / pleased / delighted at…
因……而吃驚/興奮/失望/高興
2．It will attract tourists. 它將會(huì )吸引游客。
attract是及物動(dòng)詞，可作“（以魅力等）吸引（人），引誘；引起（注意、開(kāi)心）。”
例如：The concert attracted a great number of people.
那場(chǎng)音樂(lè )會(huì )吸引了許多人。
I tried to attract her attention，but failed.
我想要引起她的注意，卻枉費心機。
attraction是attract的名詞形式，意為“魅力，吸引人之物；吸引（力）”
attractive是attract的形容詞形式，意為“有魅力的，吸引人的，引人注目的”。
We often find people who have a good sense of humor more attractive.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現具有幽默感人更有吸引力。
3．What’s the theme of Mr Audersen’s park?
theme作為名詞，常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)為：
theme park（依特定主題所建造的）主題公園，（兒童）樂(lè )園
theme song（美）（節目等的）主題曲，主題音樂(lè )
theme, subject與topic的辨析
三個(gè)詞都有“題目，話(huà)題，主題”之意
subject是此意的常用普通詞；意廣；
topic指討論、文章等的題目，話(huà)題，通俗用語(yǔ)；
theme一般指論文、演講、音樂(lè )等的主題，較正式，意狹。如：
The topic for his lecture is “Learn From Comrade Lei Feng”
他演講的題目是“向雷鋒同志學(xué)習”。
What is the subject of his new play?
他這部新劇的主題是什么？
4．Excuse me. Am I going in the right direction?
勞駕，我走的方向對嗎？
①direction可作“方向，方位，方面”講，用作此意時(shí)，與in搭配，即構成：
in every direction/ in all directions朝四面八方
in the direction of…朝……的方向
in the opposite direction朝相反的方向
②direction還可作“指揮，指導”，用作此意時(shí)，多與under搭配。如：
We did the work under his direction.我們在他的指導下工作。
③direction的復數相當于instructions，“指示，說(shuō)明；命令”，多和for搭配。如：
Follow the directions for the use of the medicine.
請遵照此藥的使用說(shuō)明。
5．A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions and other attractions that are based on a common theme.
主題公園是圍繞一個(gè)共同主題所設立的集車(chē)乘，展覽等吸引人的項目為一體的公園。
①a collection of意為“一批；大量”，其后接復數名詞，如果用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復數形式。例如：
A collection of ancient coins are buried behind his home garden.
一批古錢(qián)幣被埋在他家后院。
②that引導的是定語(yǔ)從句，指代rides, exhibitions or other attractions,在句中作主語(yǔ)。
③base sth. on/ upon…意為“以……為基礎/根據”。如：
One should always base his opinion on facts.
一個(gè)人應該始終以事實(shí)為依據發(fā)表自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
This story is based on facts.這故事是有事實(shí)根據的。
6．What they all have in common is that they combine fun with the opportunity to learn something.
它們的共同點(diǎn)是把娛樂(lè )和學(xué)習的機會(huì )結合在一起。
①句子前半部分What they all have in common是一個(gè)what引導的主語(yǔ)從句，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數形式，后半部分that they combine fun with the opportunity to learn something是一個(gè)that引導的表語(yǔ)從句，that不作任何成分，只起連接作用。
②combine…with…把……和……結合起來(lái)
He tried to combine theory with practice.
他試著(zhù)使理論和實(shí)際相結合。
7．But theme parks also try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.
但是，主題公園還盡量得保證游客離去時(shí)還對公園的主題有更多的了解。
make sure有兩個(gè)意思：①確定，弄明白；②確保，務(wù)必，其后常接賓語(yǔ)從句或介詞of短語(yǔ)。如：
Can you make sure that you will succeed?你能確保成功嗎？
Please make sure that the lights are turned off.請一定要關(guān)好燈。
You’d better make sure of the time and place.你最好把時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)弄確實(shí)。
Make sure(that) you pick me up at five.你一定要在5點(diǎn)開(kāi)車(chē)來(lái)接我。
8．Visitors to Ocean Park will find all the rides and attractions that can be found in most parks, but they will also find many opportunities to learn about life in the ocean.
來(lái)到海洋公園的游客會(huì )發(fā)現在其他公園里能找到的娛樂(lè )交通工具與吸引人的事物，但他們還能找到許多機會(huì )來(lái)了解海洋生物。
opportunity意為“機會(huì )”、“良機”，其后可接to do sth.或of doing sth.或for sth.如：
I missed a good opportunity to give my opinion on it.
我失去了對那事提意見(jiàn)的機會(huì )。
I had the chance of visiting Paris.我有機會(huì )訪(fǎng)問(wèn)巴黎。
There is no opportunity for drawing back.沒(méi)有后退的機會(huì )。
“抓住機會(huì )”有以下幾種形式表達：
catch/ seize/ take an opportunity
chance與opportunity的辨析
chance多指偶然的機會(huì )，含有僥幸的意味在內
opportunity多指特殊的機會(huì )，含有期待的意味。
兩者有時(shí)可以互換，chance可表示可能性，而opportunity不能。如：
A strange chance had landed me upon the French coast.
一個(gè)奇怪的機會(huì )使我站在法國的海岸上。
She waited a long time without finding an opportunity for a new departure.
她等了很長(cháng)時(shí)間都沒(méi)有找到新的動(dòng)身機會(huì )。
There is a chance that he may be alive.
他也許活著(zhù)也說(shuō)不定。
9．The park is divided into two sections.
公園被分成兩個(gè)部分。
divide當“分，分割，把……分成（若干部分）”講時(shí)，常與into連用。
The class was divided into three groups when we went on our outing.
我們外出郊游時(shí)，全班分成了三個(gè)小組。
The country is divided into 12 provinces.
這個(gè)國家劃分為十二個(gè)省。
divide還可作“分配、分發(fā)、分享”講，常與between, among, with連用。
The prize money will be divided among the three winners.
獎金將由三名優(yōu)勝者均分。
Divide the cake with your sister.
跟你妹妹分吃這塊蛋糕。
divide還作“除，除以”，常與by, into連用。
15 divided by 3 is 5.十五除以三等于五。
3 divides into 15 5 times用三除十五得五。
divide與separate的辨析
divide側重于把原來(lái)的整體分成若干部分；
separate把原來(lái)連在一起的或靠近的人或物分離開(kāi)來(lái)。separate多與from一起搭配使用。
10．Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take the shuttle to the Lowland.
游客在高地車(chē)乘以后，可以坐穿梭車(chē)去低地。
having enjoyed the rides at the Headland是現在分詞的完成形式，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，強調enjoy這一動(dòng)作在take之前發(fā)生。再如：
Having watered the vegetables, they began to pick the apples.
他們澆完了蔬菜之后就開(kāi)始摘蘋(píng)果。
Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
盡管被告訴好幾次了，他仍然不能理解它。
11．Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
游客可以乘車(chē)參加令人刺激的兜風(fēng)，感受他們在電影里看見(jiàn)的主角所經(jīng)歷的感覺(jué)。
①整個(gè)句子是一個(gè)復雜的復合句，它含有狀語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句。where引導地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，因為rides不是表地點(diǎn)的先行詞。what引導賓語(yǔ)從句，they have seen…是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾things，關(guān)系代詞由于在從句中作賓語(yǔ)而被省略了。例如：
Please make marks where you have any questions.
請在你有問(wèn)題的地方做記號。（where引導了一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句）
②go on exciting rides 進(jìn)行令人刺激的兜風(fēng)
go on 此處意為“去（訪(fǎng)問(wèn)、旅行等）。再如：
go on a trip/ journey 去旅行 go on a visit 去訪(fǎng)問(wèn)
go on a voyage 去航海 go on an outing 去郊游
12．Other roller coasters are inside a mountain or building so that you ride through darkness.
其他的過(guò)山車(chē)駛入山體或者大樓，兜風(fēng)中穿越黑暗。
so that在此引導一個(gè)結果狀語(yǔ)從句。要注意so that引導的結果狀語(yǔ)從句與其引導的目的狀語(yǔ)從句的區別。so that引導的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中通常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may，can，might，could等，且多放在主句之后；so that引導的結果狀語(yǔ)從句不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，且都放在主句之后。試比較：
We had to get up early so that we could catch the first bus.
We got up early, so that we caught the first bus.
我們起床起得很早，所以趕上了第一班公共汽車(chē)。（so that 引導結果狀語(yǔ)從句）
13．You can feel what it is like to live in space.
你可以感受在太空的感覺(jué)。
What it is like to live in space 中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，to live in space是動(dòng)詞不定式作真正主語(yǔ)。如：
What’s it like to live under the sea? 在海底生活會(huì )怎么樣呢？
It would be better for you to go there. 你還是去好。
14．Some thrill rides will let you feel what it is like to fall through the air: you sit in a car that “falls” from a tall tower and you scream your way down to a safe landing.
有些動(dòng)感電影讓你感受空中墜落，你坐的車(chē)廂從高塔上直跌下來(lái)，你一路尖叫，直到安全落地。
scream one’s way是“一路尖叫地……”的意思，類(lèi)似的表達法有：
wind one’s way （蜿蜒前進(jìn)）
fight one’s way （打出一條路來(lái)）
make one’s way （走向）
elbow one’s way （拱出來(lái)）
feel one’s way （摸著(zhù)走）
push one’s way （擠出來(lái)）
lose one’s way （迷路）
15．What do you expect visitors to learn from it?
你期望游客從中學(xué)到什么？
expect常見(jiàn)用法：
①expect sb./ sth. 期待、預料
I’m expecting a telegraph. 我在等一封電報。
②expect to do sth. 期望做某事
They expected to finish the work by Friday.
他們期望在周五前完成任務(wù)。
③expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。
She expected us to be waiting for her there.
她希望我們在那里等她。
④expect 用于than 或as 引導的從句中。
You arrived earlier than I had expected= You arrived earlier than expected.
你比預料的到得早。
The work is getting on as well as can be expected.
=The work is getting on as well as expected.
工作的進(jìn)展情況跟預料的一樣好。
⑤在簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)中的用法：
-Do you expect it will rain? 你預計會(huì )下雨嗎？
-Yes, I expect so. （No, I don’t expect so = I expect not.）
是的，我想會(huì )下雨。（不，我想不會(huì )。）
They sent us their statement, hoping to get our support.
=As they hoped to get our support, they sent us their statement.
（三）表示條件（多置于句首）
Working hard (=If you work hard), you will succeed.
（四）表示讓步（多置于句首）
Being rich, he was unhappy.
=Though he was rich, he was unhappy.
（五）表示結果（多置于句末）
The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. = The snow lasted a week, so it resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
（六）表示方式或伴隨（多置于句末）
-ing形式作方式狀語(yǔ)或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，用來(lái)對謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)加以說(shuō)明。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。它沒(méi)有相應的狀語(yǔ)從句可以代替。
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.
=She was sitting at the desk and was reading a newspaper.
We got up early, so that we caught the first bus.
我們起床起得很早，所以趕上了第一班公共汽車(chē)。（so that 引導結果狀語(yǔ)從句）
13．You can feel what it is like to live in space.
你可以感受在太空的感覺(jué)。
What it is like to live in space 中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，to live in space是動(dòng)詞不定式作真正主語(yǔ)。如：
What’s it like to live under the sea? 在海底生活會(huì )怎么樣呢？
It would be better for you to go there. 你還是去好。
14．Some thrill rides will let you feel what it is like to fall through the air: you sit in a car that “falls” from a tall tower and you scream your way down to a safe landing.
有些動(dòng)感電影讓你感受空中墜落，你坐的車(chē)廂從高塔上直跌下來(lái)，你一路尖叫，直到安全落地。
scream one’s way是“一路尖叫地……”的意思，類(lèi)似的表達法有：
wind one’s way （蜿蜒前進(jìn)）
fight one’s way （打出一條路來(lái)）
make one’s way （走向）
elbow one’s way （拱出來(lái)）
feel one’s way （摸著(zhù)走）
push one’s way （擠出來(lái)）
lose one’s way （迷路）
15．What do you expect visitors to learn from it?
你期望游客從中學(xué)到什么？
expect常見(jiàn)用法：
①expect sb./ sth. 期待、預料
I’m expecting a telegraph. 我在等一封電報。
②expect to do sth. 期望做某事
They expected to finish the work by Friday.
他們期望在周五前完成任務(wù)。
③expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。
She expected us to be waiting for her there.
她希望我們在那里等她。
④expect 用于than 或as 引導的從句中。
You arrived earlier than I had expected= You arrived earlier than expected.
你比預料的到得早。
The work is getting on as well as can be expected.
=The work is getting on as well as expected.
工作的進(jìn)展情況跟預料的一樣好。
⑤在簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)中的用法：
-Do you expect it will rain? 你預計會(huì )下雨嗎？
-Yes, I expect so. （No, I don’t expect so = I expect not.）
是的，我想會(huì )下雨。（不，我想不會(huì )。）