摘要:本文旨在探討新課程理念下如何上好高中英語(yǔ)第一節課。
由初中升入高中,學(xué)生是帶著(zhù)新奇和喜悅的心情踏入校園的,周?chē)囊磺袑τ谒麄儊?lái)說(shuō)都充滿(mǎn)新鮮感。他們無(wú)論從心理上和生理上都渴望著(zhù)成功,渴望著(zhù)得到他人的尊重和認可。而英語(yǔ)作為第二外語(yǔ),雖然在小學(xué)就學(xué)過(guò),然而他們進(jìn)入高中的成績(jì)卻參差不齊,兩級分化非常嚴重。新教材的改革又突出了英語(yǔ)的重要性與實(shí)用性,這一點(diǎn)對于農村的普通中學(xué)老師來(lái)說(shuō)尤其感到頭疼。
研讀新課標,現代課程價(jià)值的取向是“以學(xué)生的發(fā)展為本”,從學(xué)生的發(fā)展出發(fā),在注重培養學(xué)生基礎能力的同時(shí),進(jìn)一步培養學(xué)生的創(chuàng )造性學(xué)習和發(fā)展性學(xué)習能力,開(kāi)發(fā)學(xué)生的智能,培養創(chuàng )新精神。正如HGWindows所說(shuō):“教與學(xué)不是一個(gè)過(guò)程對等的兩端,不像買(mǎi)與賣(mài),給和取。因此,不能把教的一方看成是施動(dòng)者,把學(xué)的一方看成是受動(dòng)者。正確的關(guān)系是學(xué)的一方施動(dòng),教的一方助動(dòng)” 。
與新課程同行,要提高課堂效率,就得集中關(guān)注學(xué)生,發(fā)展學(xué)生自主學(xué)習和合作學(xué)習的能力;提倡語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐、體驗、參與和交流,發(fā)展語(yǔ)言技能,語(yǔ)言知識,情感態(tài)度,學(xué)習策略和文化意識等基本素養。因此,作為教師,在高中一年級的第一堂課中就開(kāi)始引導學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ),便顯得特別重要。
一. 用好開(kāi)場(chǎng)白,讓學(xué)生熟悉老師。適當地用英文開(kāi)場(chǎng)白能使你的學(xué)生相信你有水平教好他們。面對新老師,學(xué)生往往有很大的好奇心,通過(guò)互動(dòng)形式的自我介紹,讓學(xué)生基本認識老師,拉進(jìn)師生間的距離,便于今后的師生合作。
T: Hello!
Ss:Hello!
T:Nice to meet you!
Ss:Nice to meet you,too.
T: I’m your new English teacher .Do you know about me?
Ss:No!
T: What do you want to know about me? Please ask me Qs.
Ask as many students as possible to raise questions. Guide them to ask about my name ,my address,telephone number ,my likes﹠dislikes,my holiday,even my family, etc. Encourage them to ask. Any question is welcome! In this way,students can come to know about me ,their new teacher, meanwhile I can also learn quite a lot about my new students, to see whether they are good at languages or opinions or both. I try my best to answer their questions properly. Or sometimes let them guess. Surely some of the Ss ask about my age ,my marriage, etc , I satisfy them and also I take the chance to tell them the differences in the customs between China and English-speaking countries, which make them very interested.
二. 讓學(xué)生明確師生的責任和要求。讓學(xué)生明白“教師”是什么, “學(xué)生”該做什么。
T:let’s discuss what we should do and what we shouldn’t do in our English class. Let me give you the first few ones.
Join in the class .(Make sure your eyes here,your ears here,your mouth here,your hands here,and your heart here! Never sleep in class!
Be active.(Be active learners,especially express your ideas actively in class)
Then I ask them to tell what they think are dos and don’ts. I encourage different students to express their opinions .
S1:I think we should speak English.
S2: I think we should speak loudly & clearly.
S3: I think we should be on time
S4:We shoudn’t bother others.
S5: We shouldn’t be late.
S6:We should listen to our teacher and our classmates carefully.
S7:We should turn off the mobile phone.
S8:We shouldn’t eat in class.( You have to get up early to find enough time for sports,for reading English aloud and for breakfast )
S9:We should ask if we meet difficulties.( Ask teachers,classmates for help,and don’t forget your dictionary is your best teacher!Make sure you have a big enough dictionary)
S10:We should make notes in class.(When? At the same time while listening and speaking!)
三.讓學(xué)生明白學(xué)習英語(yǔ)的好方法,教育學(xué)生養成良好的學(xué)習習慣,幫助學(xué)生樹(shù)立信心。達爾文曾說(shuō)過(guò),“關(guān)于方法的知識是最重要的知識”,不管我們學(xué)習什么,掌握正確的方法是最重要的。因此,高中英語(yǔ)教師非常有必要對學(xué)生進(jìn)行學(xué)法指導,給學(xué)生授之以法。高一雖是高中的基礎階段,但高一英語(yǔ)教材內容與練習形式和初中相比都有相對提升,內容更多,涉及面更廣,練習方式更多,定的要求明顯提高。對于剛走進(jìn)高中大門(mén)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),無(wú)法立刻適應。所以,指導學(xué)法是高一英語(yǔ)教師成功教學(xué)的一個(gè)必不可少的組成部分;各種良好習慣的形成對英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習往往起著(zhù)事半功倍的作用。高一英語(yǔ)老師要充分利用新生剛進(jìn)入新的環(huán)境的有利時(shí)機,指導學(xué)生養成良好的習慣。
T:Every night when a day is over,when the light is off, when you go to bed, you ask yourself 8 questios(Bb)
Did I recite words today?(今天我背單詞了嗎?)
Did I read aloud today? (今天我大聲朗讀了嗎?)
Did I do some reading today?(今天我閱讀了嗎?)
Did I listen to the tape today? (今天我聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)錄音了嗎?)
Did I finish the homework today?(今天我完成作業(yè)了嗎?)
Did I go over the lesson today? (今天我復習功課了嗎?)
Did I prepare for tomorrow’s lesson today?(今天我預習功課了嗎?)
Did I try communicating in English today? (今天我用英語(yǔ)交流了嗎?)
Remember:spending a few minutes every day on English is much better than a longer time once a week.Learning English is like building a house. Laying a solid foundation is the first and most important step. In other words, you should read and speak English every day. Memorizing new words and phrases is a must. Like building a house, learning English takes some time because Rome isn’t built in a day. So don’t be impatient.Just keep on doing like this ,day by day, you’ll find English learning is no longer a challenge.It’ll be a piece of cake!
四.教材進(jìn)行總體介紹,使學(xué)生對課文有個(gè)感性的認識,也使學(xué)生對本學(xué)期人授課內容有初步了解,同時(shí)使學(xué)生樹(shù)立起學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的信心和興趣。
五.切實(shí)做好初高中銜接階段的復習工作。再次強調過(guò)好語(yǔ)音關(guān)。要充分利用語(yǔ)言作為交際工具,交流思想,我們就必須學(xué)好語(yǔ)音。英語(yǔ)的48個(gè)音標必須發(fā)音準確,才能為詞匯的學(xué)習打好基礎。Good pronunciation leads to good spoken English. Good pronunciation makes for memorizing words quickly. (Revise the 48 phonetic symbols in the 2nd period)
總之,英語(yǔ)新課程的理念要求我們學(xué)英語(yǔ)首先要實(shí)現以下三個(gè)轉變:第一,英語(yǔ)不是教會(huì )的,而是學(xué)會(huì )的。第二,學(xué)生不是接受知識的容器,而是充盈燃料的火把。第三,自主學(xué)習和問(wèn)題意識是轉變學(xué)習方式的兩翼。因此,教師在課堂上要給學(xué)生留出練的時(shí)間,把練的機會(huì )還給學(xué)生。教師要善于教育和感染學(xué)生,
從第一節課開(kāi)始,就要建立融洽的師生交流渠道,努力營(yíng)造寬松、民主、和諧的教學(xué)氛圍,培養學(xué)生積極學(xué)習的習慣,達到“教是為了不教”的境界。