核心詞匯
1．The chemicals that are harmful to the environment are ____________(禁止)here.
2．Christmas____________(裝飾品)now have started to sell well in our shop.
3．She fell heavily，____________(撞)her head against the side of the boat.
4．She ____________(喜愛(ài)，愛(ài)慕)her grandchildren and is always buying them presents.
5．Before rules and____________(規則)were introduced，the sport was very dangerous.
6．It’s not ____________(僅)a matter of cost，but whether she’s old enough to go on holiday alone.
7．I am sure she has the ability to____________(承擔)all kinds of housework.
8．I thought the price of the car was quite____________(合理的)，so I decided to buy it.
9．用object 的適當形式填空
(1)Grey decided to move to the countryside and his wife made no ____________ to it.
(2)Some members of the committee ____________to my proposal，which made me disappointed.
10．用assume的適當形式填空
(1)We are working on the ____________that the conference will take place as planned.
(2)____________that his story is true，what should we do?
1.forbidden 2.decorations 3.striking 4.adores 5.regulations 6.merely 7.undertake 8.reasonable 9.(1)objections (2)objected 10.(1)assumption (2)Assuming
高頻短語(yǔ)
1．________________ 得到好結果；取得成 功；償清
2．________________ 沮喪；不愉快
3．________________ 反對
4．________________ 贊成；支持
5．________________ 把……歸功于……
6．________________ 一定或注定(做)……
7．________________ 使……刻骨銘心
8．________________ 不時(shí)；偶爾
9．________________ 使復生；使復活
10．________________ 白費力氣；枉費心機
11．________________ 狀況很好/壞；情況很好/壞
1．pay off 2.cast down 3.object to 4.in favour of 5.owe...to... 6.(be)bound to (do)．.. 7.strike...into one’s heart 8.from time to time 9.bring back to life 10.in vain 11.in good/poor condition
重點(diǎn)句式
1．But at last the determination and patience of the scientists ____________in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
但是決心和耐心使科學(xué)家們最終于1996年收獲了突破性的結果--克隆羊“多莉”。
2．____________the disturbing news ____________Dolly had become seriously ill.
接著(zhù)傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。
3．Is it ____________cloning or ____________it?
它是贊成克隆行為還是反對克隆行為？
4．Scientists believe human cloning is just____________but____________human clones have already been born hasn’t been proved yet.
科學(xué)家們相信人類(lèi)的克隆只不過(guò)是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，但是克隆人已經(jīng)問(wèn)世的說(shuō)法還沒(méi)有被證實(shí)。
5．________________if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病，這類(lèi)動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì )死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來(lái)，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。
1．paid off 2.Then came；that 3.in favour of；against 4.a matter of time；the assumption that 5.The advantage is that
知識詳解
1 .object vi. 反對；不贊成
n.物體；目標
(回歸課本P12)On the other hand，Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.
另一方面，多莉的出現引起了一陣強烈的反對，對媒體和公眾的想象力也產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1372)If nobody objects，we’ll postpone the meeting till next week.
如果沒(méi)有人反對，我們就把會(huì )議推遲到下周。
②(牛津P1372)I really object to being charged for parking.
我非常反對收停車(chē)費。
③(牛津P1372)If you’re late，you’ll defeat the whole object of the exercise.
如果你遲到了，便不能達到整個(gè)活動(dòng)的目的。
④I objected that he was too young for the position.
我提出反對意見(jiàn)他太年輕不適合這個(gè)職位。
⑤(牛津P1372)The main objection to the plan was that it would cost too much.
反對這個(gè)計劃的主要理由是費用過(guò)高。
[即境活用]
1．I don’t mind her criticizing me，but________is how she does it that I object to.
A．it B．that
C．this D．which
解析：選A。考查代詞it的用法。本題關(guān)鍵是并列連詞but。粗心的學(xué)生可能會(huì )誤選which，認為此處為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。object to反對；抗議。句意：我不介意她批評我，但我反對的是她批評我的方式。
2 .undertake (undertook；undertaken) vt. 著(zhù)手；
從事；承擔
(回歸課本P11)It is a difficult task to undertake.
這是一項很難完成的任務(wù)。
[歸納拓展]
①(朗文P2241)Two new studies have been undertaken to determine the effects of the chemicals.
已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了兩項新研究以確定這些化學(xué)制品的作用。
②(牛津P2197)University professors both teach and undertake research.
大學(xué)教授既要教學(xué)又要從事研究工作。
③He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
他答應在星期五以前完成那項工作。
④I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.
我保證你會(huì )喜歡這次旅行。
[例句探源]
[即境活用]
2．Who do you think is the right person________ ________ ________ ________(承擔這項任務(wù))?
答案：to undertake the task
3 .forbid (forbade/forbad，forbidden) vt. 禁止，
不準
(回歸課本P12)Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning...
有些政府開(kāi)始改革他們的法律制度，禁止進(jìn)行克隆人的研究……
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P794)You are all forbidden to leave.
你們都不準離開(kāi)。
②(牛津P794)He forbade them from mentioning the subject again.他不準他們再提這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
③I will forbid you to leave unless you apologize for what you have done.
如果你不為自己所做的事情道歉，我不允許你離開(kāi)。
④He forbids smoking during office hours.
他禁止在辦公時(shí)間抽煙。
[即境活用]
3．完成句子
(1)當火車(chē)行駛時(shí)，禁止我們往窗外看。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________of the window when the train was moving.
答案：were forbidden to look out
(2)他甚至禁止我去網(wǎng)吧會(huì )見(jiàn)我的網(wǎng)友！
He has even ________ ________ ________ ________my friends online at the Internet café！
答案：forbidden me from meeting
4 .owe vt. 欠(賬、錢(qián)、人情等)；歸功于……，應感謝
(回歸課本P13)You owe the lady an apology.
你必須向這位女士道歉。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1427)Thanks for helping me-I owe you a favour.
謝謝你幫助我--我欠你一個(gè)人情。
②These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.
這些早期移民把他們的幸存歸功于艱苦勞動(dòng)和追求成功的決心。
③If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher.
如果說(shuō)我有一些進(jìn)步，這應該全部歸功于我的老師。
④(2009年高考湖北卷) Owing to her assistance，we succeeded in starting the engine.
多虧她幫忙，我們才成功啟動(dòng)了引擎。
[即境活用]
4．她把她的成功歸功于幸運，而不是有能力。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________rather than to ability.
答案：owes her success to good luck
5 .bother vt. 打擾
vi. 操心
n． 煩擾；令人煩惱的事或人
(回歸課本P14)However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.
然而，之后她患上了嚴重的肺病的問(wèn)題使科學(xué)家們困擾。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.
他甚至連通知都沒(méi)通知我他要來(lái)。
②(牛津P221)I don’t want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
我此刻不想讓她為我的事操心。
③(牛津P221)Sorry to bother you，but there is a call for you.
很抱歉打擾你一下，有你的電話(huà)。
[即境活用]
5．-I’m sorry to________you，but can you tell me the way to the nearest supermarket?
-I will do some shopping，too.Shall we walk there together?
A．bother B．carry
C．a(chǎn)ffect D．a(chǎn)ward
解析：選A。句中I’m sorry to bother you 相當于Excuse me“對不起，打擾一下”，故選A。
6 .pay off 得到好結果；取得成功；償清
(回歸課本P11)But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
但是決心和耐心使科學(xué)家們最終于1996年收獲了突破性的結果--克隆羊“多莉”。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P1503)Mr.Li was driving a taxi on the weekends to pay off all his debts.
李先生周末開(kāi)出租車(chē)賺錢(qián)以還清他的所有債務(wù)。
②Her design won the first prize in the competition.Years of patience and hard work had at last paid off.
她的設計在比賽中獲得一等獎。多年的耐心和艱苦的工作終于得到了好的結果。
③If you don’t work now，you’ll pay for it later when you fail your exams.
你現在不好好學(xué)習，到考試不及格時(shí)就會(huì )為此而付出代價(jià)。
④He had to work parttime so as to pay for his education.
他必須做兼職工作來(lái)支付學(xué)費。
⑤That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
能夠回報人們給我的幫助讓我感到很開(kāi)心。
[即境活用]
6．-Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.
-Oh，really? I’m glad that her efforts at last________.
A．worked out B．got back
C．paid off D．turned out
解析：選C。答句句意：噢，真的嗎？我很高興她的努力終于得到了好的結果。pay off(指冒風(fēng)險的政策、做法等)帶來(lái)好結果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.賭贏(yíng)了。
7 .in favour of 贊成；支持
(回歸課本P12)Is it in favour of cloning or against it?
它是贊成克隆行為還是反對克隆行為？
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.
我姐姐反對我的提議，然而我弟弟卻贊成。
②Could you do me a favour and turn off the light?
請幫忙把燈關(guān)掉好嗎？
[即境活用]
7．I am ________your suggestion________we should spend more time on this project.
A．in favour of；which
B．in honor of；that
C．in favour of；that
D．in honor of；which
解析：選C。句意：我很贊成你的建議那就是我們應該在這工程上花費更多的時(shí)間。in favour of 贊成；in honor of 向……表示敬意；為紀念……。第二個(gè)空為that 引導的同位語(yǔ)從句。
8．(2011年皖南八校模擬)Many young people left their hometown for big cities________better jobs.
A．in favour of B．in search of
C．in charge of D．in honour of
解析：選B。in favour of贊成，支持；in search of尋找；in charge of負責，掌管；in honour of為向……表示敬意。結合語(yǔ)境應選B項。
【教材原句】 Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.(P12)
接著(zhù)傳來(lái)了令人煩惱的消息--多莉得了重病。
【句法分析】 (1)表示方位、時(shí)間或方式的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序。
①(2009年高考福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.
有一會(huì )兒什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生。接下來(lái)傳來(lái)一起歡呼聲。
②Then came the news that the war was over.
接下來(lái)傳來(lái)戰爭結束的消息。
③Out rushed the children.
孩子們沖了出去。
④There goes the bell.鈴響了。
(2)本句中that引導的從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，that僅起連接作用，無(wú)實(shí)意。
常見(jiàn)的后接同位語(yǔ)從句的抽象名詞有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。
同位語(yǔ)從句常用that引導，也可以由連接代詞who，what，whose，which，連接副詞how，when，where，why或連詞whether來(lái)引導。
⑤The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.
他當選美國總統的消息是真的。
⑥The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.
我們是否該繼續實(shí)驗的問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有被解決。
⑦I have no idea where the new library will be built.
我不知道新圖書(shū)館將要建在哪里。
⑧We must face the fact that we have run out of all the money.
我們必須面對我們已花完了錢(qián)這一事實(shí)。
[即境活用]
9．(2010年高考陜西卷)John opened the door.There________he had never seen before.
A．a(chǎn) girl did stand B．a(chǎn) girl stood
C．did a girl stand D．stood a girl
解析：選D。考查完全倒裝。副詞there，here等位于句首，應用完全倒裝句式。句意：約翰打開(kāi)門(mén)，他從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的一位女孩站在那兒。
（小周）