科目 英語(yǔ)
年級 高一
文件 high1 unit3.3.doc
標題 American English（美式英語(yǔ)）
章節 第三單元
關(guān)鍵詞 內容
一.教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
在過(guò)去300年左右的時(shí)間里，美國英語(yǔ)（American English）和英國英語(yǔ)（British English）都發(fā)生了很大的變化，它們的發(fā)展自然不盡相同，但二者之間區別并不是天壤之別。多數英國人和美國人可以很容易地互相聽(tīng)懂，兩國的書(shū)面語(yǔ)言也非常近似。對于學(xué)習英語(yǔ)的中學(xué)生來(lái)講，了解英語(yǔ)單詞是美式拼寫(xiě)還是英式拼寫(xiě)，是美式發(fā)音還是英式發(fā)音，對知道某份書(shū)面材料到底是源出于美國還是英國是很有幫助的。從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)看，隨著(zhù)我國改革開(kāi)和的步伐向21世紀的縱深加快，廣播教學(xué)和錄像教學(xué)日益普及，日常生活中對美國英語(yǔ)的直接接觸更為廣泛。目前中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中錄制的各種英語(yǔ)教學(xué)磁帶也多屬美國英語(yǔ)。因而，特別注意對美語(yǔ)的學(xué)習，并不斷擴充富有時(shí)代特色的美語(yǔ)式交際英語(yǔ)無(wú)疑是非常必要的。本單元將給同學(xué)們打開(kāi)一扇了解美式英語(yǔ)的窗口，那就請同學(xué)們從本單元中邊窺視它的區別點(diǎn)，邊欣賞它們各自的獨特魅力吧！
【指點(diǎn)迷津】
A.單元重點(diǎn)新詞讀音歸類(lèi)
1.[i:]wheel reason 2.[ ]plan gas Spanish character
3.[u]cookbook 4.[ ]fall store
5.[ei]explain tape pronunciation mail 6.[au]pronounce however howl
7.[ ]European 8.[ ]Indian
9.[ ]Europe European 10.[z]reason
11.[i]difficult movie Indian direct indirect explain character pronunciation British
12.[ ]difficult pronounce however western Europe European pronunciation character holiday Britain
B.單元重點(diǎn)新詞透視
1.difficulty作不可數名是“困難，費力”；作可數名詞是“難事，難點(diǎn)，具體困境”。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal of )difficulty/trouble+(in)+doing在……有困難 如：They have no difficulty in talking with each other in English. 他們用英語(yǔ)交談毫不費勁。
(2)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal of, great )difficulty/trouble+
with+n.在……有困難 如：She has much difficulty with such a long speech.她作這樣長(cháng)的一個(gè)報告有很大困難。
(3)with difficulty“困難地，費勁地”是副詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。He breathed with difficulty.
(4)without difficulty容易地，不費吹灰之力地
(5)in difficulty“處于困境中”是介詞短語(yǔ)起形容詞的作用。
注意：sth+be+difficult+to do(習慣上不用to be done)。如：This play is difficult to enjoy.欣賞這部戲劇不容易。（不用to be enjoyed）
2.plan作可數名詞是“計劃，打算，規劃，方案”。如：Fred is excited about his family’s plan for a vacation in California.弗雷德對于他一家人要到加利福尼亞去度假的計劃感到非常激動(dòng)。
作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。其后可跟不定式、名詞、代詞或者what引導的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：
He plans to go to Australia some day.他計劃有朝一日能去澳大利亞一次。
He began to plan what he would do with his Sundays.他開(kāi)始計劃怎樣度過(guò)星期天。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)該詞的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現在分詞要雙寫(xiě)字母“n”。如：Have you planned your trip?你打算作一次旅行嗎？
(2)a five-year plan一個(gè)五年計劃，in a planned way有計劃地
(3)make plans for為制定計劃
(4)plan on +doing打算 如：I am planning on going to Beijing next month.我打算下個(gè)月去北京。
(5)plan ahead提前計劃
(6)在省略句中，plan后用to代替前面的賓語(yǔ)。如：
--Have you planned to go abroad?
--Yes, I’ve planned to.（省去了go to abroad）
3.medicine作不可數名詞是“醫學(xué)，醫術(shù)，內科學(xué)”。雖然可作可數名詞“藥”，但通常指口服的藥，不加-s。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)給某人一些藥give sb some medicine
(2)吃藥/服藥take/have some medicine
(3)學(xué)醫study medicine
(4)medicine的形容詞為medical“醫學(xué)的，醫術(shù)的，醫療上的，醫療界的”。如：a medical college醫學(xué)院，free medical service
4.British不列顛的，不列顛人的，英國的，英國人的 如：the British Museum大不列顛博物館
He is German, but his wife is British.他是德國人，他的妻子是英國人。
Britain不列顛（英格蘭、威爾士和蘇格蘭的總稱(chēng)） 英國的全稱(chēng)：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland大不列顛及北愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國
5.however作連詞和副詞，意思是“然而，可是，盡管如此，無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣”。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)常把however置于句首，句子使用倒裝結構，即把后部的形容詞和副詞直接跟在however之后。如：She always goes swimming, however cold it is不管天氣多么冷，她總是去游泳。
However hard the work may be, we must finish it on time .無(wú)論這工作多么難，我們必須按時(shí)完成。
(2)however作副詞時(shí)是插入語(yǔ)，可放在句首、句中或句末，往往用逗號和其它部分隔開(kāi)。如：
However, we still look into the matter later.不過(guò)我們以后要調查這件事。
He was ill, however, he decided to go.他病了，然而他仍決定要去。
(3)He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.他是這樣說(shuō)的，可是他錯了。
6.movie“電影，電影院”，常用于美國英語(yǔ)中，英國英語(yǔ)中。如：
a movie fan電影迷，a movie star電影明星，a movie house電影院，moviegoers常看電影者，go to the movies=go to the cinema=go to see a film去看電影
7.mail是美國英語(yǔ)作名詞是“郵政，郵遞，郵件”，英國英語(yǔ)用post。作動(dòng)詞是“郵寄”。如：
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)by mail通過(guò)郵寄 如：I sent her a dictionary by mail.我寄給了她一本字典。
(2)作不可數名詞時(shí)常和a lot of , much, a large amount of連用，表示大量的信件。如：
There was much mail last week.上周郵件很多。
(3)作可數名詞時(shí)常與定冠詞the連用。如：
The ship sank and the mails were lost .船沉了，郵件全丟失了。
(4)作及物動(dòng)詞用，如：He mailed /posted a parcel last month.他上個(gè)月寄了那個(gè)包裹。
8.reason作可數名詞是“理由，原因，道理”。如：
These are our reasons for doing it .這就是我們干此事的理由。
You have no reasons to get angry.你沒(méi)有道理生氣。
作不可數名詞是“理智，理性，理解力，情理”。如：
There is a great deal of reason in his advice.他的勸告中有許多道理。
作動(dòng)詞是“推理，推論，評理”。如：
reason with sb for/against為了贊成或反對……和某人評理。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)the reason作主語(yǔ)其后的表語(yǔ)從句中用that連接。如：The reason why we are late is that our car did not come.那就是我們要你來(lái)的原因。（注意不要選why）
(2)the reason后的定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞可以是why, that或者省略。如：That’s one of the reasons (why, that, ×)I asked you to come .那就是我要你來(lái)的原因。
(3)reason的形容詞為reasonable。如：His words sound reasonable.他的話(huà)聽(tīng)起來(lái)有道理。
（注意不要用reasonably,因為sound為系動(dòng)詞要求形容詞作表語(yǔ)。）
9.explain作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞是“解釋?zhuān)徽f(shuō)明”。其名詞為explanation.
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)explain后不能緊接雙賓語(yǔ)，應用：explain sth to sb。如：She explained the reason to ne carefully.她認真地向我解釋了原因。（注意不要用：explain sb sth）
(2)explain后可以接that, how, why等引起的從句。如：
Please explain to me how this sentence is read .請給我解釋一下這個(gè)句子怎么讀。（不要用：explain me how …）
(3)注意explain和explanation在拼寫(xiě)上的變化很大。
(4)explain oneself交待清楚。如：She was made to explain herself at the meeting .會(huì )上要求她交待清楚。
10.character作可數名詞是“漢字，字體；小說(shuō)或者戲劇中的人物角色”。作不可數名詞是“性格、品質(zhì)、性質(zhì)、特征”。
測試要點(diǎn)：
(1)in character在性格上 The twins are different in character.那對雙胞胎的性格不一樣。
(2)She is a woman of a firm character.=She is firm in character.她是個(gè)意志堅強的人。
(3)She is a woman of character.她是個(gè)有個(gè)性的人。
`C.單元重點(diǎn)詞組掃瞄
1.(1)have some (no, little, much, a lot of , a great deal of )difficulty/trouble+(in)+doing在……有困難 如：They have little difficulty in mailing the letter. 他們向國外寄這封信毫不費勁。
(2)have some (no, little, much, a lot of, a great deal of ,great) difficulty/trouble+with+n.在……有困難如 She has lots of difficulty with her geography.她學(xué)習地理有很大的困難。
2.ask sb for sth向某人要某物，向某人詢(xún)問(wèn)某事。如：
He entered, asked for a coffee and sat down.
A student asks his or her parents for money and clothing.
You can write to BBC English and ask for any information you need.
注意：ask after問(wèn)候，ask out邀請外出
3.more or less或多或少；大體上；差不多
The work is more or less finished.
This train arrived more or less on time.
注意：neither more or less正好，恰如其分
What you said is neither more or less.你說(shuō)得恰如其分。
4.come about產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生=happen, take place
How did these differences come about ?
注意：come across越過(guò)，偶然碰見(jiàn),come after跟蹤而來(lái)，come alive活躍起來(lái)，come along一道來(lái)，進(jìn)展，come around繞道而來(lái)
5.the same as; the same…as和……一樣
At first, the language stayed the same as the language used in Britain.起初，這語(yǔ)言與英國使用的語(yǔ)言一樣。
She is the same age as you.她和你同齡。
6.a great many=a good many=a large/great number of很多，相當多的
注意該詞組修飾可數名詞，后面有無(wú)of的用法請對比下面兩句：
A great many books in the library are new.圖書(shū)室中的很多書(shū)是新的。
A great many of the books in the library are new.圖書(shū)室的書(shū)中有相當一部分是新的。
7.and so on等等
The clothes were red, green, blue, yellow and so on.
They spent their time visiting friends, reading, watching television, and so on.
注意：and so on =and so forth=etc.=and so on and so forth=and the like =and things
8.bring in引來(lái)，引進(jìn)，介紹，收入，領(lǐng)……進(jìn)來(lái)
Stick to the point;don’t bring in things that are not important.緊扣要點(diǎn)，不要把不重要的話(huà)題扯進(jìn)來(lái)。
They started to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages.他們開(kāi)始使用英語(yǔ)，但把他們自己語(yǔ)言中的一些詞也帶了進(jìn)來(lái)。
Someone wants to see you .Shall I bring him in ?
注意：bring about帶來(lái)，造成，bring back歸還，bring up撫養，嘔吐,bring down打落，使……降低，bring out發(fā)表，拿出
9.change…into=turn…into把……變成
Please change these sentences into indirect speech.把這些句子變成間接引語(yǔ)。
Heat changes water into steam.加熱使水變成蒸汽。
I’d like to change these pounds into dollars.我很想把英鎊換成美元。
注意：有時(shí)change into是指發(fā)生了化學(xué)上的變化。
10.over the centuries=in the past few centuries在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)世紀中（注意句子的時(shí)態(tài)常用現在完成時(shí)）
American English has changed over the centuries, too . 在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)世紀里，美國英語(yǔ)也發(fā)生變化。
D.大綱規定的單元日常核心交際用語(yǔ)指南
如何突破語(yǔ)言障礙（How to smooth away the language difficulties）
1.文化背景(Culture Notes)
◆作為外語(yǔ)初學(xué)者，與外國人交流時(shí)，難免有聽(tīng)不懂的時(shí)候。此時(shí)，最好不要啞口無(wú)言，要找一些恰當的話(huà)語(yǔ)使交流自然地進(jìn)行，如必須把下列功能套用語(yǔ)熟爛于心，并朗朗上口：I beg your pardon?/Would you please repeat it ?/Could you say it more slowly and clearly?/Pardon ?/I’m sorry I know only a little English./ I’m sorry I don’t quite follow you./How do you pronounce the word ?/How do you spell your name?/What does“fall”here mean ?/I didn’t catch you./I don’t understand what you mean./May I ask a question ?Could you repeat what you said just now ?……
當對方聽(tīng)到這樣的話(huà)語(yǔ)時(shí)，可能會(huì )換一種表達方式或附加一些解釋語(yǔ)言以便使你容易地接受。
◆在跨文化交際中，語(yǔ)言障礙只是一個(gè)方面，如對方使用的詞匯你沒(méi)有學(xué)過(guò)，對方使用的句型你沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)，對方工作的生活狀況你不了解，對方所處地域的習俗你一點(diǎn)不知，對方國家的文化背景、人生價(jià)值念等你一無(wú)所知，那這些都可能直接地影響著(zhù)你的交際成功與否。
◆A：Please get me a drink from the fridge, Tang jing.
B：Pardon ?
A：Please--a drink--fridge.
B：What do you mean by“fridge”.
A：Oh, that’s the short form for“refrigerator”.
B：Oh, you mean“refrigerator”.
A：Yes .
B：Ok, just wait.
E.單元語(yǔ)法學(xué)習目標
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)“四注意”
本單元是學(xué)習直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)，有些同學(xué)過(guò)分拘泥于那些規則，不敢變通，有時(shí)造成很大的失誤。所以建議同學(xué)們從語(yǔ)言實(shí)際運用的角度注意以下幾個(gè)方面：
（一）.間接引語(yǔ)即為賓語(yǔ)從句。間接引語(yǔ)是從直接引語(yǔ)轉換來(lái)的，結構上就是賓語(yǔ)從句。可從以下四種句型去掌握。
1.直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)是由連詞that引導的賓語(yǔ)從句，that常可省略。主句中的say to sb.常根據需要改為tell sb。
①He said, “I’m a doctor.”→He said(that)he was a doctor.
②She said to me, “I’m studying English these days.”→She told me that she was studying English those days .
2.直接引語(yǔ)是一般問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)是由whether(if)引導的賓語(yǔ)從句。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用ask。
③She asked, “Are you preparing for it ?”→She asked whether(if)we were preparing for it .
如果問(wèn)句是表示“建議”，可用動(dòng)詞suggest或advise加賓語(yǔ)從句或適當結構來(lái)完成。
④“Shall we meet at the theatre?”he said.
→He suggested that we should meet at the theatre.
→He suggested our meeting at the theatre.
3.直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)為原來(lái)連接代間（副詞）引導的賓語(yǔ)從句。
⑤He asked,“Which one do you like best？”→He asked which one I liked best .
4.直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句時(shí)，變成“ask /tell/order等動(dòng)詞+賓詞+to不定式”。如直接引語(yǔ)是let引起的祈使句，改為間接引語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。
⑥He said,“Get everything ready in two hours.”→He asked us to get everything ready in two hours.
⑦Tom said, “Let’s have a cup of coffee.”→Tom said that we should have a cup of coffee.
(二)時(shí)態(tài)轉化中的不變。
1.直接引語(yǔ)若表示的是客觀(guān)事實(shí)或真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變。
⑧The teacher said to the pupils, “The earth is round.”→The teacher told the pupils that the earth is round.
2.當引語(yǔ)中有表示某一具體的過(guò)去的時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)情況不需要作調整。
⑨My father said to me ,“I was born in 1945.”→My father told me that he was born in 1945.
(三)其它方面轉化中的不變
如直接引語(yǔ)要變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，轉述發(fā)生在當天、當地的事，直接引語(yǔ)中的come here, tomorrow, this morning, today, yesterday等不必隨著(zhù)改變。
10.He said ,“I’ll come here this evening.”→He said he would come here this evening.
11.This morning he said ,“I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.”→This morning he said that he was leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
(四)結合實(shí)際，靈活使用。
學(xué)習語(yǔ)法要結合實(shí)際，提高運用語(yǔ)言的實(shí)際能力。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)也要看情況，做到用適當的表達方式準確引述原話(huà)。請看下例：如果設A為聽(tīng)者，B和C為第三者，可根據轉述者和聽(tīng)者的不同，分別轉述為如下的間接引語(yǔ)。
12.He said,“You are in Class Two.”
→He said that I was in Class Two.(A對B、C轉述)
→He said that you were in Class Two.(B或C對A轉述)
→He said that he（he-指A）was in Class Two.(B對C或C對B轉述)
如果說(shuō)話(huà)者轉述自己的話(huà)，人稱(chēng)也不需變化。
13.I said to her, “I have done my best.”→I told her that I had done my best.
同時(shí)，在變化時(shí)直接引語(yǔ)中有多種句型時(shí)，要根據實(shí)際靈活地運用，這樣英語(yǔ)的表達才能更準確。
14.He said, “Will you do it ?”and I said ,“Yes .”→He asked if I would do it and I said that I would.
二.學(xué)海導航
【學(xué)法指要】
如何破解與漢語(yǔ)意義相反的特殊回答
請看下面兩道考題：
1.--You haven’t been to Beijing, have you?
--. How I wish to go there!
A. Yes , I have B. Yes, I haven’t C. No, I have D. No, I haven’t
2.--Please don’t make a noise.
--___.I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.
A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I won’t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will
這兩道題的答案分別為D和B。做這類(lèi)題目時(shí)，首先要知道Yes后只能接肯定形式，No后只能接否定形式。如第1題中的B、C，第二題中的A、C，無(wú)論在任何情況下是不存在的；其次要知道這類(lèi)題目的回答與漢語(yǔ)意義相反，即將Yes譯成“不”，表示反對對方觀(guān)點(diǎn)，“NO”譯成“是的”，表示支持對方觀(guān)點(diǎn)；最后根據語(yǔ)境揭示判斷正確答案。
與漢語(yǔ)意義相反的特殊回答主要出現在下面三種情況。
(一)出現在陳述部分否定，疑問(wèn)部分肯定的反意問(wèn)句中。例如：
1.--You won’t go there by bus, will you ?
--No, I won’t .I’ll just walk.是的，我不會(huì )，我將步行。
2.--You never fall asleep in class, do you ?
--Yes, I do sometimes.不，我有時(shí)睡。
(二)出現在否定的祈使句或陳述句的對話(huà)中。例如：
3.--Please don’t be late for class.
--No, I won’t . I will be as early as possible.是的，我不會(huì )，我要盡可能地早到
4.--I hope you weren’t ill.
--No, Jeanne, I wasn’t ill.是的，讓娜，我沒(méi)病。
(三)出現在對否定的一般疑問(wèn)句的回答中。例如：
5.--Didn’t you have a good time at the meeting ?
--Yes, a very good time.不，玩得很痛快。
6.--Can’t you remember doing the silly thing ?
--Yes, I can. I regret having done it.不，我記得，干了這件事我后悔。
【針對訓練】
請根據語(yǔ)境提示選出正確答案。
1.--Tom doesn’t like dancing, does he ?
-- ,but he used to .
A. yes, he does B. Yes, he doesn’t C. No, he does D. No, he doesn’t
2.--The book isn’t easy for Jack to understand, is it ?
-- .His foreign language is far better than expected.
A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn’t C. I don’t think D. Yes, it does
3.--You didn’t go to the concert, did you ?
-- .I ought to have gone.
A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn’t C. Yes ,I didn’t D. No, I did
4.--Shouldn’t we invite more people to the dance ?
-- .A small dance is the most fun.
A. Yes, we should B. No, we should
C. Yes, we shouldn’t D. No,we shouldn’t
參考答案：1--4DABD
【妙文賞析】
A Story About Four People
This is a story about four people named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody and Nobody. There was a very important job to be done, and Everybody thought that Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did. Somebody got angry about that because it was Everybody’s job. Everybody thought that Anybody could do it, but Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn’t do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed（責備）Somebody when Nobody blamed Somebody when Nobody did what Anybody could easily have done.
關(guān)于四個(gè)人的故事
這是一個(gè)關(guān)于“人人”“有人”“任何人”和“沒(méi)有人”四個(gè)人的故事。有一項很重要的工作要做，“人人”認為“有人”將做這項工作，“任何人”能完成這項工作，但“沒(méi)有人”做這項工作。“有人”對此生氣了，因為它是“人人”的工作。“人人”認為“任何人”能做這項工作，但“沒(méi)有人”認識到“人人”不愿做這項工作，其結果是當“沒(méi)有人”做了“任何人”能很容易完成的工作時(shí)，雖然“沒(méi)有人”責備“有人”，但“人人”卻責備“有人”。
【思維體操】
介詞用法比較精選精練
在下列每組句子的空格處填入一個(gè)正確的介詞。
1.(1)Do you know the difference the two verbs?
(2)The two words are different the Chinese meaning.
(3)The word“past”is different the word“passed”.
2.(1)Ted cut the apple half.
(2)Ted cut the apple halves.
3.(1)It’s very kind you to help me with my studies.
(2)Our neighbour is always king us .
4.(1)The teacher is writing a piece of chalk.
(2)The teacher is writing red ink.
(3)The teacher is writing a piece of paper.
(4)The teacher is writing an old friend of his.
(5)The teacher is writing a letter an old man who can’t write.
5.(1)Meat does not keep good hot weather.
(2)Our teachers are always good us students.
(3)The girl is good drawing animals.
(4)Fresh air is good your health.
6.(1)We had learned 1,000 words the end of last term.
(2)We have the final examination the end of every term.
(3)They all passed the entrance examination the end.
7.(1)The teacher is rather strict his pupils.
(2)The teacher is rather strict his work.
8.(1)Paper can be made wood.
(2)Wood can be made paper.
(3)The chairs and tables can be made wood.
(4)The football team is made twenty players and a coach.
9.(1)The children are waiting the railway station their mother.
(2)The children wait their sick mother hand and foot.
10.(1)Henry dropped in Mr Crossette yesterday evening.
(2)Henry dropped in Mr Crossette’s yesterday evening.
答案
1.between,in,from 2. in,into 3.of ,to 4. with,in,on,for 5. in,to,at,for 6.by,at,in 7.with,in 8. from,into ,of ,up 9.at,foron 10. on,at
三.智能顯示
【心中有數】
美國英語(yǔ)和英國英語(yǔ)在拼寫(xiě)上的差別探微
1.詞尾-or與-our的區別就是英式拼寫(xiě)為-our結尾，但美式拼寫(xiě)為-or。如：
colour=color,favour=favor喜愛(ài)，labou=labor勞動(dòng)，neighbour=neighbor,honour=honor
2.詞尾英式拼寫(xiě)為-re，但美式拼寫(xiě)為-er。如：
centre=center,metre=meter
3.詞尾英式拼寫(xiě)為-ce，但美式拼寫(xiě)為-se。如：
defence=defense保衛，licence=license護照，practice=practise實(shí)踐，練習
4.英式拼寫(xiě)中詞尾要雙寫(xiě)，但美式拼寫(xiě)中不雙寫(xiě)。如：
traveller=traveler,travelling=traveling,travelled=traveled
5.英式中的名詞以-se結尾，但美式中以-ze結尾。如：
organise=organize組織,realise=realize認識到
6.下面的這些難以歸類(lèi)，前者為英式拼寫(xiě)，后者為美式拼寫(xiě)：
cheque=check支票，tyre=tire輪胎，grey=gray灰色，luggage=baggage行李，
cigarette=cigaret香煙，axe=ax斧子，plough=plow犁，programme=program節目，程序，
storey=story樓層。
【動(dòng)腦動(dòng)手】
從A、B、C、D中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。
1.--What will Jimmy do next Sunday ?
--He plans_____fishing.
A. to go B. to go to C. going D. going to
2.--How about going for swimming this Sunday ?
--_____very much.
A. I’ll like it B. I’d like C. I’ll like to D. I’d like to
3.Tom is strong,_______his brother is weak.
A. when B. though C. however D. while
4.I don’t know how the result comes____.
A. about B. on C. out D. over
5.MissShut, who teaches us ____English language, is _____European.
A. the ;an B. the; a C. 不填；an D.不填；a
6.She didn’t find the word____to pronounce.
A. easily B. is easily C. easy D. to be easy
7.I’m going to buy the same dictionary ____you bought .
A. like B. as C. that D. if
8.--Shall I explain it again ?
--Yes, Please. I couldn’t quite what you said.
A. agree with B. know about C. think of D. follow
9.Could you ___how to use the new computer ?
A. explain me B. explain to me C. explain for me D. talk to me
10._____he was interested in medicine, but now he wants to practise____.
A. First;drawing B. At first;drawing C. First;to draw D. At first,;to draw
11.In our hometown, people grow wheat, rice ,cotton,____.
A. and so on B. on and on C. for example D. so far
12.The English_____their language with them when the travelled to other countries.
A. brought B. carried C. took D. taught
13.Have you any trouble _____this problem ?
A. in B. of C. with D. to do
14.It takes ____hard work to finish the experiment.
A. a great many B. a good many C. a number of D. a lot of
15._____English is a bit more difficult to master than _____English.
A. Speaking;writing B. Speaking;written
C. Spoken;writing D. Spoken;written
【答案與簡(jiǎn)析】1.選A。plan to do“打算干”和go fishing“去釣魚(yú)”的結合。2.選D。當接受別人的邀請時(shí)常用：I’d like/love to。意思是“很樂(lè )意”。3.選D。因為是兩個(gè)不同對象比較，while含有對比性。4.選A。 5.選B。6.選C。句型為：find+…+形容詞+to do。形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。7.選B。the same…as“和……一樣”（暗指同一類(lèi)），the same…that“和……一樣”（暗指同一個(gè)）。8.選D。從再需要解釋可知是用follow表示“明白，聽(tīng)懂”。9.B。explain sth to sb。10.選B。first“首選”，at first“起初，開(kāi)始時(shí)”，practise+-ing。11.A。and so on =etc.=and so forth。12.選C。bring去帶……，carry運載……，take隨身攜帶。13.選C。have…trouble/difficulty+(in)+ing=have…trouble/difficulty+with+名詞。“在……有困難”。該句型中習慣上不用to do。14.選D。A、B、C都修飾可數名詞。D可修飾可數和不可數名詞。15.選D。spoken Enlish口語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)，written English書(shū)面英語(yǔ)。
【創(chuàng )新園地】
用間接引語(yǔ)將下列對話(huà)改寫(xiě)成短文。開(kāi)關(guān)已給出，請續寫(xiě)。（Y--Yang Mei;S--Sara）
Y：Good morning, Sara. I’m Yang Mei.
S：Good morning, Yang Mei. Nice to meet you.
Y：Now we are in the same class. I come from China. I just learned a little English. I have some problems in pronouncing some of the words in English.
S：No, you are doing well. I can follow you.
Y：Thank you.
S：What are you going to do at the weekend ?
Y：I’m going to see a film. Will you go with me ?
S：Yes, with pleasure.
Sara and Yang Mei were new students in the same class at school in America. Before class they had a talk. First, they said“Hi”…
請同學(xué)們寫(xiě)完后，把你的答案反饋給我們。
SEFS1A
Unit 3
創(chuàng )新園地答案
Sara and Yang Mei were new students in the same class at school in America. Before class they had a talk, First they said“Hi”to each other. Then Yang Mei told Sara she came from China and she knew only a little English. She also said she had some problems in pronouncing some of the words in English. Sara said Yang Mei was doing fine and she could understand what she said. Yang Mei was thankful. Sara asked what she was going to do at the weekend. Yang Mei was going to see a film and asked Sara to go together.