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高一英語(yǔ)第五單元Why do you do that ?

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2016-1-24 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

科目 英語(yǔ)

年級 高一

文件 high1 unit5.5.doc

標題 Why do you do that ?

章節 第五單元

關(guān)鍵詞 內容

一、教法建議

【拋磚引玉】

  同學(xué)們,你看我們生活的都市,高樓林立,車(chē)水馬龍,紅塵滾滾,擾攘紛紛。只有綠色才能抵消這種種的煩惱與不安,讓生活多一點(diǎn)舒適和暢懷。綠色植物可使人心曠神怡,綠色植物可減少二氧化碳,增加氧氣,使我們生存環(huán)境的空氣更加清新。如果我們能在工作或者學(xué)習之余培養一點(diǎn)栽花蒔草的興趣和愛(ài)好,將腦力勞動(dòng)和體力勞動(dòng)相結合,那將大大有益于健康,比吃什么營(yíng)養補劑都更勝一籌。

  在本單元我們將學(xué)習一篇新聞報道,這是一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事。故事發(fā)生在印度北部、喜馬拉雅山南麓的一個(gè)村莊,記述的是婦女們造林、護林的感人事跡。婦女植樹(shù)造林看來(lái)只是小事一樁,但它有著(zhù)深遠的意義。下面以森林為例來(lái)透視植物對我們的作用。

  森林不僅提供木材和其它林副產(chǎn)品,還在維持生態(tài)平衡、保護人類(lèi)周?chē)h(huán)境中起重要作用。森林的社會(huì )效益,大大超過(guò)它的經(jīng)濟效益。森林是陸地最大的生態(tài)系統。從面積上農地占陸地面積 9.5% ,森林占29% , 森林占陸地面積最大。在各種生態(tài)系統中,綠色植物都進(jìn)行著(zhù)光合作用,制造有機養料,把太陽(yáng)能貯存在有機物中。在這方面,森林也居首位。森林維護生態(tài)平衡方面的最大功能是調節氣候。森林有增加降水、減輕霜害、減免冰雹等調節氣候的功能。此外,森林還具有防風(fēng)、涵養水源、保持水土不易流失等作用。森林在保護和改善環(huán)境方面的作用,主要是制造氧氣、凈化空氣、過(guò)濾塵埃、殺滅細菌和消除噪音等。

  作為有理想、有抱負的中學(xué)生,學(xué)習本單元之后,應該認識到我國地域廣闊,發(fā)展林業(yè)有較為優(yōu)越的自然條件。但由于歷史的原因,我國森林覆蓋率只有 12 . 7% ,比世界上許多國家的森林覆蓋率都要少。所以防止亂砍亂伐,大力開(kāi)展植樹(shù)造林,提高我國的森林覆蓋率,是擺在全國人民面前的一項重要任務(wù)。

 

【指點(diǎn)迷津】

  A. 單元重點(diǎn)新詞透視

  1. sow (sowed , sown /sowed) 播種

   We sowed our vegetable seed yesterday .

   This field was not sown / sowed grain .

  測試要點(diǎn):在寫(xiě)作和閱讀中不要把 sow 與 sew (縫紉) 相混淆。sew 的過(guò)去式是 sewed , 過(guò)去分詞是 sewn / sewed 。

  2. feed (fed , fed ) 喂養;飼養

   The patient can't feed himself yet . 病人還不能自己進(jìn)食。

   -Alice , you feed the bird today , ?

   -But I fed it yesterday .

  A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you (答案B)

  Well fed , well bread . 吃得飽,懂禮貌。(諺語(yǔ))

  測試要點(diǎn):(1) 作及物動(dòng)詞常用句型:feed + 食用者 + on + sth = feed + sth + to + 食用者 。用介詞 on 后的賓語(yǔ)是食用者的生存需要品。

  What do you feed your cat on ?

  The nurse fed these babies on cow's milk . = The nurse fed cow's milk to these babies .

  (2) feed + 食用者 + with + sth 。“用……喂……”,這里用with 表達喂時(shí)所用的工具。

  Mother fed her baby with a bowl .

  (3) feed 作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)的常考搭配是:feed (mainly) on (主要) 以……為食。

  Cattle feed chiefly on grass . 牛主要以草為食。

  3. fetch 去取;去拿

  I asked him to fetch me the evening paper .

  She rose and fetched a chair from the next room .

  Let's go and fetch some water .

  測試要點(diǎn):區別 fetch ; take ; bring ; carry ; get

  fetch 側重動(dòng)作的一去一回。get 側重從此處去把……找來(lái)。carry 側重肩挑、手提或者車(chē)船的拉運。take 側重從說(shuō)話(huà)處把某物拿走,是 bring 的反義詞。bring 側重把某人或者某物從別的地方到說(shuō)話(huà)處。

  Next time , bring your friends to our party .

  Do take this letter to the post office after work . 下班后務(wù)必把這封信送到郵局。

  對比:I will bring my mother back home from hospital this evening .

  今晚我要把母親從醫院里接回家。

  Let's have one more drink , and then I will take you back home .

  我們再喝一杯,然后我就送你回家去。

  Bus No. 18 carried us ti the railway station . 18 號公共汽車(chē)把我們送到了火車(chē)站。

  Shall I get a doctor for you ?

  Will you please fetch me some water ?

  4. percent = per cent 百分之……;每百中

  I am 100 percent in agreement with you . 我是完全同意。

  12 is 1 % of 1200 . 12 是 1200 的 1 % 。

  測試要點(diǎn):(1) 增加到 百分之幾常用介詞 by 表達。

  The number of the students has increased by 15 % . 學(xué)生的數目已經(jīng)增加了 15 % 。

  (2) 百分數作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)同百分數后 of 短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)相一致。當 of 后的賓語(yǔ)是可數名詞復數時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復數,當 of 后的賓語(yǔ)是不可數名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數。有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)的形式還受句尾名詞的影響。

  Ten percent of the pupils are from South China . 百分之 10 的學(xué)生來(lái)自華南。

  對比:Ten percent of the time has been wasted . How he regretted ! 百分之十的時(shí)間被浪費掉了。他真后悔。

  This company can only supply 30 percent of what we need . 這個(gè)公司只能供給我們需要的 30 % 。

  80 % of the population in China are farmers . 中國 80% 的人口是農民。

  5. operate 實(shí)施;負責;動(dòng)手術(shù);操作;經(jīng)營(yíng)

  Do you know how to operate this sewing machine ? 你知道如何操作這臺縫紉機嗎?

  It is difficult to operate this car . 操作這輛車(chē)并不難。

  He operates such a large factory well . 他把這么大的工廠(chǎng)管理得井井有條。

  測試要點(diǎn):動(dòng)手術(shù) operate on

  This well-known doctor will operate on the baby's eyes . 這位名醫將給那個(gè)嬰兒做眼部手術(shù)。

  6. free 免費的;有空的;自由的

  Are you free this weekend ? 本周末你有空嗎?

  測試要點(diǎn):(1) set free 釋放;給以自由

  After many years' struggle , they were set free in the end .

  I hope you will set the poor bird free . 我希望你能放了這只可憐的小鳥(niǎo)。

  (2) free of charge 免費

  You needn't pay for it . It is free (of change . 你不必付款。那是免費供應的。

  7. guide 作動(dòng)詞是“指導;引導”。

  Professor Wang guided him in studying history . 王教授指導他研究歷史。

  測試要點(diǎn):guide 作名詞“向導;指南;入門(mén)”時(shí),其后面常跟介詞 to 。類(lèi)似的名詞還有:key , entrance , note , monument 紀念碑。

  Will you please buy me a guide to English grammar ? 你能給我買(mǎi)本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法指南嗎?

  Don't lose the keys to our classrooms , will you ? 不要把我們教室門(mén)上的鑰匙丟了,好嗎?

  8. purpose 目的;意圖

  What is your purpose in doing this exercise ? 你做這個(gè)練習有啥用意 ?

  His purpose in going to the US is to look for his uncle . 他美國之行的目的是找他的舅舅。

  測試要點(diǎn):(1) “purpose of + 名詞”是表達“……的目的”。“purpose + in + doing”是表達“做……的意圖或者目的”。

  For what purpose do you want to go to the Great Wall ? 你要去長(cháng)城的目的是什么?

  (2) on purpose = by design 故意的。by chance = by accident 偶然地

  It is not likely that he did it on purpose . 他不見(jiàn)得是故意做那件時(shí)的。

  I am sure that he comes here on purpose to borrow money from me once more . 我敢肯定的是,他來(lái)這里是為了再次向我借錢(qián)。

 

B. 單元重點(diǎn)詞組掃瞄

  1. so that 做連詞是“以便;以致”,引導目的或者結果狀語(yǔ)從句。當引導的是目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句中常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

  Speak clearly so that we may understand you . 請說(shuō)清楚點(diǎn),以便我們能聽(tīng)懂。

  They sent him to a hospital so that his mother would not have to look after him all the time .

  She started early so that she could get there in time .

  測試要點(diǎn):(1) 辨別 so that 和in order that

  二者都可以表達目的,但在目前的 NMET 測試中仍考查 in order that 可以放在句首 , so that 不能。

  In order that she can catch up with the other students , she studies harder than ever . 為了趕上其他同學(xué),它比以前更加努力學(xué)習了。

  He often tells lies , so that no one believes him .

  It was so cold that the river froze .

  對比:We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the news . 我們把收音機的音量調大,以便大家都能聽(tīng)到新聞。 (目的狀語(yǔ)從句)

  We turned the radio up , so that everyone heard the news . 我們把收音機的音量調大了,結果大家都聽(tīng)到了這條新聞。

  (2) so that 表達結果和 “so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + that ”表達程度有區別。

  He got up early so that he could catch the early bus . (表達目的)

  He got up so late that he missed the bus . (表達結果)

  (3) so that 引起目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),so 有時(shí)可被省略。引導結果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí), that 可被省略。

  Let's take the front seats (so ) that we can see clearly . (表達目的)

  All possible methods were tried , so (that) they were able to find out which was the best . (表達結果)

  2. grow up 長(cháng)大

  When you grow up , what are you going to be ? 你長(cháng)大后想干什么?

  測試要點(diǎn):區別 grow up ; grow into ; grow out ; grow on / upon ; grow out of

  grow into 成長(cháng)為;變?yōu)椤e has grown into a fine young man . 他已成長(cháng)為一位瀟灑的青年。

  grow out 腫脹;膨脹。He had his leg hurt and it began to grow out . 他腿部受了傷,開(kāi)始腫脹了。

  grow out of 來(lái)自于;源于;變得不適合了。His troubles grew out of his carelessness . 他的煩惱來(lái)自于他的粗心大意。The boy grew out of this clothes . 這孩子長(cháng)得衣服都不合身了。

  grow on / upon 逐漸加強;漸漸使人喜歡。 The wish to New York grew upon Miss Green . 格林小姐愈來(lái)愈想去紐約了。Football grew on Billy as he grew older . 隨著(zhù)年齡的增長(cháng),比利對足球的興趣愈來(lái)愈濃。

  3. in the past 在過(guò)去 (注意時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí))

  測試要點(diǎn):區別in the past 與in the past few years , in the last few years , for the  past few years , over the past few years , during the past few years 這些都表達“在過(guò)去的幾年里”(注意時(shí)態(tài)用現在完成時(shí))

  What has changed in the past few years ?

  In the past , there were no trees left in or around the village .

  另外注意;at present 在目前;現在。in the future 在將來(lái)。

  4. A few of them 他們中的一些

   a few trees 一些樹(shù)

  注意:a few of the trees 樹(shù)中的一些

  5. since then 自從那以后(句子常用現在完成時(shí))

  Since then great changes have taken place in China .

  注意:after that time 從那以后 (句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí))

  After that time , many changes took place .

  6. knock down 拆掉;撞倒

  He almost knocked the boy down . 他險些把那孩子撞倒。

  測試要點(diǎn):區別 knock down ; knock into ; knock over ; knock on ; knock out

  kno

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