參考教案 Unit 21 Shopping
一、教學(xué)目標與要求
初步學(xué)習過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)；初步掌握用 so…that引導狀語(yǔ)從句和總結、歸納有關(guān)購物的用語(yǔ)，是本單元的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過(guò)學(xué)習，學(xué)生應能掌握這種狀語(yǔ)從句的結構和用法，掌握《教學(xué)大綱》中規定有關(guān)購物的用語(yǔ)和應答，并能較為熟練地運用在交際中，口頭表達流暢，書(shū)面表達正確。學(xué)生應能從顧客的角度，對所需購買(mǎi)物品的名稱(chēng)、尺寸、顏色、價(jià)格等進(jìn)行詢(xún)問(wèn)和表示意見(jiàn)；也能從售貨員的角度接待顧客、提供服務(wù)及方便等。學(xué)生應能獨立完成練習冊編排的各種形式的練習，正確率不低于70％。
二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
1．句型：The suit was so expensive that he could not buy it. 2) We were so busy talking that I forgot to pay.
2．語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)（1）(The Past Perfect Tense)
3．日常交際用語(yǔ)：［購物(Shopping) ］1) Can I help you? 2) I'm looking for a pair of shoes. 3) What size do you want? 4) How much does it (do they) cost? 5) Have you got any other colour/size/kind? 6) Can I try it (them) on, please? 7) That's too expensive. Have you got anything cheaper? 8) That's cheap. I'll have it, please. 9) That's a bit expensive. I'll think about it. I don't think I'll take it. 10) None of them are the right size. They are either too big or too small.
三、課時(shí)安排
本單元共用4課時(shí)，每課書(shū)用1課時(shí)。
參考教案 Unit 21 Shopping 第八十一課 示例一
第八十一課 Lesson Eighty-one
一、教學(xué)內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．日常交際用語(yǔ)：學(xué)習以下購物用語(yǔ)(Shopping): 1) Can I help you? 2) I'm looking for a pair of shoes. 3) What size do you want? 4) How much does it (do they) cost? 5) Have you got any other colour/ size/kind? 6) Can I try it (them) on, please? 7) That's too expensive. Have you got anything cheaper? 8) That's cheap. I'll have (take) it, please. 9) That's a bit expensive. I'll think about it. 10) I don't think I'll take it.
二、教具
錄音機；一雙舊鞋；投影儀。
三、課堂教學(xué)設計
1．復習 值日生報告。
2．教師用如下語(yǔ)言引出本課要學(xué)的內容：
T: Today I'm going to do some shopping after school. What am I going to buy? Now look at these shoes of mine.（出示事先準備好的舊鞋。如果穿在腳上，可增加表演效果。）They are too old. Or we may say they are WORN OUT. So I want a new PAIR OF SHOES. What SIZE do I need? Oh, I know, I need size eight.
通過(guò)以上演示介紹生詞以后，反復領(lǐng)讀生詞。
3．準備聽(tīng)課文第1部分錄音，教師用投影儀打出聽(tīng)前提問(wèn) (Pre-listening questions): 1) What's wrong with the man's shoes? 2) What does the woman ask him to do?
聽(tīng)錄音一至兩遍，學(xué)生回答上述問(wèn)題。
教師再用投影儀打出課文第2部分的聽(tīng)前提問(wèn) (pre-listening questions): 1) What size of the shoes does the man want? 2) How much do the shoes cost?
聽(tīng)這部分錄音兩遍，學(xué)生回答上述問(wèn)題。
再聽(tīng)錄音，學(xué)生跟讀一至兩遍。
4．學(xué)生兩人一組，練習表演這段對話(huà)，請幾組同學(xué)到前面演示。
要求學(xué)生利用課本上提供的替換練習，編寫(xiě)一、兩個(gè)購物的小對話(huà)，教師予以講評。
5．請學(xué)生挑出本課中出現的有關(guān)購物用語(yǔ)，并抄寫(xiě)一遍。
6．布置作業(yè)
1）練習朗讀本課對話(huà)，抄寫(xiě)生詞及有關(guān)購物用語(yǔ)；2）書(shū)面完成練習冊習題。
四、難點(diǎn)講解
1．My shoes are worn out. 我的鞋穿壞了。
wear out是“穿破、穿壞”的意思。
在這個(gè)句子中，包含有一個(gè)系表結構。
被動(dòng)結構的形式是助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞。但并非所有的be+過(guò)去分詞都是被動(dòng)結構。由于過(guò)去分詞具有形容詞的特點(diǎn)，某些過(guò)去分詞可以用作句子中的表語(yǔ)。所以be+過(guò)去分詞可能是連系動(dòng)詞be+表語(yǔ)結構，而不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。系表結構與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區別是：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示以主語(yǔ)為承受者的動(dòng)作；而系表結構則表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。請比較以下例句：
The window was broken by a boy just now. 窗戶(hù)剛才被一男孩打破了。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
The window is broken. 窗子是破的。（系表結構）
Everything was done by his parents. 一切都是由他父母干的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Everything was done. 一切就緒。（系表結構）
2．I'm afraid we haven't got any black shoes in than size at the moment. But we've got some brown ones. 恐怕我們眼下還沒(méi)有這種尺寸的黑鞋，但我們有些棕色的。
ones是代詞one的復數形式。在句中指上文提到過(guò)的名詞shoes。
參考教案 Unit 21 Shopping 第八十二課 示例一
第八十二課 Lesson Eighty-two
一、教學(xué)內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．句型：1) They were either too big or too small. 2) That's much too expensive.
3．語(yǔ)法：初步學(xué)習過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法。
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學(xué)設計
1．復習 值日生報告。
2．教師用以下語(yǔ)言引導出本課生詞：
T: Yesterday I went to do some shopping. I wanted to buy a pair of shoes because my shoes were worn out. First I went to a small shop, but they didn't have any shoes. They SOLD OUT all the shoes. Then I went to another shop. But the shoes there were EITHER too big OR too small (借助手勢加以說(shuō)明). The shopkeeper said PERHAPS (or: maybe) they would have more shoes soon. I'll go there again and have a look.
反復領(lǐng)讀生詞，直到學(xué)生初步掌握為止。
3．布置學(xué)生閱讀課文。給學(xué)生六分半鐘時(shí)間（本課計約264個(gè)詞），允許學(xué)生查閱其它個(gè)別生詞。教師用投影儀打出讀前提問(wèn) (Pre-reading questions): 1) What was the boy going to do a week later? 2) What did he decide to buy at last?
規定時(shí)限過(guò)后，學(xué)生回答上述問(wèn)題。
4．聽(tīng)課文錄音，學(xué)生跟讀一至兩遍。
5．做練習冊習題1，先要求學(xué)生予以口頭回答，再布置為書(shū)面家庭作業(yè)。
6．扼要解釋課文難句（見(jiàn)難點(diǎn)講解）和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的構成及用法。
7．布置作業(yè)
1）練習朗讀本課課文，抄寫(xiě)生詞；2）準備復述課文； 3）書(shū)面完成練習冊習題。
四、難點(diǎn)講解
1．The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before. 商店很新，因為它上一周剛剛開(kāi)張。
for是連詞，表示：因為。
2．They were either too big or too small. 它們（指鞋）要么太大，要么太小。
either…or…意思是：或者……或者。這是一組表示選擇的并列連詞。當連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞與最接近的主語(yǔ)保持數的一致。例如：
Either you or I must go. 你和我總要有一個(gè)人去。
You can either do it yourself, of you can ask someone else to do it. 要么你自己做，要么你找人來(lái)做。
Either the teachers or the head master is in the office. 或是老師們，或是校長(cháng)在辦公室。
3．That's cheap. I'll have it, please. 這東西便宜，我買(mǎi)下了。
That's much too expensive. I don't think I'll take it. 這東西太貴了，我不想買(mǎi)。
注意，兩句中動(dòng)詞have和take均表示“買(mǎi)下”的意思，而不用“buy”這個(gè)詞。
much可以和too連用，修飾名詞或形容詞，但位置不同：修飾名詞時(shí)，用too much；修飾形容詞時(shí)，用much too。例如：
The doctor asked the fat lady not to eat too much food every day. 醫生告誡那個(gè)胖女士每天不要吃太多的食物。
We can't go out. It's much too cold today! 我們不能出去，今天太冷了！
參考教案 Unit 21 Shopping 第八十三課 示例一
第八十三課 Lesson Eighty-three
一、教學(xué)內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．句型： 1) They were so pleased to see each other that they forgot everything else. 2)The jacket cost so much that they didn't buy it.
3．語(yǔ)法：初步學(xué)習由so…that…引導的表示結果的狀語(yǔ)從句。
4．日常交際用語(yǔ)：復習已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的購物用語(yǔ)。
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學(xué)設計
1．復習 教師就第82課課文內容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，學(xué)生迅速地給予回答（問(wèn)題設計可參閱第82課練習1）。
2．集中講解本課生詞，反復練習，直到學(xué)生初步掌握為止。
3．給學(xué)生四分半鐘時(shí)間默讀課文（本課文計約186個(gè)詞），教師用投影儀打出讀前提問(wèn) (Pre-reading questions): 1) What were John and his friend busy doing in the shop? 2) What did John almost forget to do?
規定時(shí)限過(guò)后，學(xué)生回答上述問(wèn)題及閱讀提示中的提問(wèn)，教師予以評判。
4．聽(tīng)課文錄音，學(xué)生跟讀一至兩遍。
教師用投影儀打出下表，組織學(xué)生歸納課文。
5．做練習冊習題1（方法同前）。
6．扼要解釋課文難句（見(jiàn)難點(diǎn)講解）。
7．布置作業(yè)
1）練習朗讀課文，抄寫(xiě)生詞；2）書(shū)面完成練習冊習題。
四、難點(diǎn)講解
1．They were so pleased to see each other that they forgot everything else. 他們又見(jiàn)面了，高興得把其它的事都忘了。
句中so…that引導的是表示結果的狀語(yǔ)從句。so既可以修飾形容詞，也可以修飾副詞。例如：The coat was so expensive that he didn't buy it. 這件外衣太貴了，他沒(méi)有買(mǎi)。
so…that的中文意思是：如此……以致……，但通常都不譯出。例如本課第2部分的三個(gè)句子可以分別譯為：
1）這套衣服太貴了，他買(mǎi)不了。
2）這件夾克很便宜，他決定買(mǎi)下了。
3）他的鞋太臟了，必須涮洗。
2．They talked on and on very happily. 他們都很高興，不停地聊起來(lái)。
句中 on and on是副詞短語(yǔ)，表示“不停地做某事”。
參考教案 Unit 21 Shopping 第八十四課 示例一
第八十四課 Lesson Eighty-four
一、教學(xué)內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．聽(tīng)力訓練（見(jiàn)練習冊）。
3．語(yǔ)法：小結不規則動(dòng)詞；小結本單元所學(xué)的語(yǔ)法內容。
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學(xué)設計
1．復習 檢查第82、83課課文復述。檢查前，可將兩部分課文錄音再放一遍。
2．準備做聽(tīng)力訓練。學(xué)生一分鐘準備。聽(tīng)錄音三遍，當堂核對答案。
3．學(xué)生獨立閱讀課文第2部分內容。允許學(xué)生查閱生詞。閱讀結束后，按課本要求，做造句練習。
組織全班同學(xué)歸納已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞與原形相同的不規則動(dòng)詞。允許學(xué)生查閱書(shū)后不規則動(dòng)詞表。
4．學(xué)生過(guò)一遍復習要點(diǎn)中所列的內容，教師回答學(xué)生的疑問(wèn)，小結過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的構成及用法；小結由so…that引導的表示結果的狀語(yǔ)從句。
5．當堂完成練習冊習題2、3，并核對答案。
6．布置作業(yè)
預習下一單元內容。