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Unit 7 Angkor Wat

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2016-3-4 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)

dull adj.陰暗的;單調無(wú)味

shadow n.影子;陰影

desert vt.舍棄;遺棄

spread vt.延伸;展開(kāi)

keep off 勿踩,勿踏

masses of 大多數;大部

fall to pieces 崩潰;倒塌

carry on 繼續下去,繼續開(kāi)展

take on 呈現

in battle 在戰爭中

watch over 查看,監視

Ⅱ.課文講解

一.難句分析

1.As long as that? 要那么長(cháng)的時(shí)間嗎?

根據上文,這一句是Will it take as long as that/about a week?的省略。

"It takes(sb.)as long as +time..."意思是"需要……長(cháng)的時(shí)間"。如:

It will take as long as two years to complete the big project.需要兩年的時(shí)間才能完成這個(gè)巨大的工程。

2.It may be necessary to put up a notice saying "Keep off".恐怕得豎立一個(gè)布告牌,寫(xiě)上"不要踐踏"。

這是一個(gè)以it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型。本句中的V-ing形式saying修飾a notice,相當于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句which says...。

keep off的含義是"不讓……接近",應根據具體情況譯成漢語(yǔ)。例如:

Keep off the grass.請勿踐踏草坪。

A notice was placed by the river bank warning people to keep off the thin ice.

河邊有個(gè)布告牌,警告人們不要在薄冰上行走。

Can't you keep your dog off the road? 你就不能把狗牽到路旁邊去嗎?

3.I ought to do some studying, as I've got masses of work to do, but I think, I'll be too tired.我還有大量的作業(yè)要做,接理說(shuō)我應當學(xué)習一下,但是我想這樣就會(huì )太累了。(=As I have a great deal of work to do, I should do some studying. But I'm afraid I will be too tired to do so.)

masses of大量的,a mass of一堆,一塊,一團。它們后面既可接可數名詞,又可接不可數名詞。

The ship cut its way slowly through masses of ice. 船劃破大量冰層緩緩前進(jìn)。

There is a mass of stones in the yard. 院子里有一堆石頭。

There are masses of people in the hall. 大廳里擠滿(mǎn)了人。

I have masses of work to do. 我有大量工作要做。

4.在"2. Practice"中第五句:It looks a bit ugly as it is. (像這個(gè)樣子,真有點(diǎn)難看。)此句中的as it is可以看作一個(gè)固定詞組,意思是"就以(現在)這個(gè)樣子""根據現在情況看"。

例如:

They agreed to buy the house as it is.他們同意就按房子的現狀買(mǎi)下房子。

I thought things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.我原以為情況會(huì )好轉,但現在看來(lái),情況在變壞。

5.The country had been at war for many years, and the temple was deserted and falling to pieces.這個(gè)國家經(jīng)歷了多年的戰亂,寺廟荒蕪,房屋倒塌。

be at war處于戰爭/交戰狀態(tài)。例如:

When he came back from abroad, his country was at war.當他從國外回來(lái)時(shí),他的國家正處于戰爭狀態(tài)中。

The US then declared that it was at war with that country.那時(shí)美國對那個(gè)國家宣戰。

fall to pieces意思是"垮臺""崩潰""倒塌""解體"。例如:

After the death of Napoleon, his empire began to fall to pieces.拿破侖死后,他的帝國開(kāi)始瓦解。

The old building was falling to pieces. 那座古建筑物正在倒塌。

A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of them women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple, 一個(gè)有15名印度人的專(zhuān)家組,組織了一個(gè)有400名柬埔寨人的勞動(dòng)大軍,其中多數是婦女,對這座寺廟的某些部分進(jìn)行清洗、修理和重建。

most of them women作400 Cambodians的同位語(yǔ);who引出了一個(gè)非限制性的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾400 Cambodians。

a team of... 作主語(yǔ)強調每個(gè)隊員,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應用復數,這里用的是are。

有些集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視句子內容而定,既可以用單數,也可以用復數。

My family all love music. 我們家的人都喜歡音樂(lè )。(表示情感)

A group of soldiers was advancing slowly towards the position of the enemy. 一隊士兵朝著(zhù)敵人的陣地慢慢地推進(jìn)。(表示全體一致的行為)

二.固定用法與辨析

1.辨析mass與mess:

兩詞形狀相似,意思卻截然不同。mass表示"眾多,大量"。如:A mass of people gathered.一大堆人聚在一起。mess表示"混亂"。如:The room is in a mess. 這個(gè)房子真是一團糟。

2.辨析replace與displace:

兩詞都為"取代,代替",但有細微的差別。replace表示用新的來(lái)代替舊的或壞的。如:He was hurt, and another player replaced him.他受傷了,別的選手接替了他。displace表示用強迫方法代替。如:Many employees were displaced by computers.電腦取代了許多員工。

3.辨析gold與golden:

兩詞都為"金色的",但有區別。gold表示某物是"金制的",或"含有金子的"意思。如:I bought a gold watch.我買(mǎi)了一塊金表。而golden表示某物在外表或色彩上類(lèi)似金子,其實(shí)不是由金子制作的。如:A girl with golden hair was sitting beside him.他旁邊坐著(zhù)一位金發(fā)女郎。

4.辨析fierce與wild:

兩詞都含有"兇猛的"意思,但有區別。wild指未經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)的自然狀態(tài)。形容人時(shí)說(shuō)明無(wú)所顧忌、放蕩,但并不含殺傷之意;形容事物表示雜亂。如:a wild young man一個(gè)放蕩粗野的青年/wind hair亂發(fā)。fierce意思是兇猛殘酷,含強烈的殺傷之意。如:a fierce lion猛獅。

三.語(yǔ)法知識

Tenses時(shí)態(tài)

1.一般現在時(shí)(the present indefinite)可表示:

(1)經(jīng)常性和習慣性的動(dòng)作

We always care for each other and help each other. 我們總是互相關(guān)心互相幫助。

(2)現在的特征或狀態(tài)

He majors in English. 他是英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生。

(3)普遍真理

Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲速度快。

(4)按規定、計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(一般有將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

The plane takes off at 11 a.m. 飛機上午十一點(diǎn)起飛。

(5)電影說(shuō)明,動(dòng)作解說(shuō),劇情介紹,新聞標題或小說(shuō)章節題目,圖片說(shuō)明。

He sits down, shivers a little, Clock outside strikes twelve. 他坐下來(lái),微微有些顫動(dòng),外面鐘敲了十二點(diǎn)。(劇本說(shuō)明)

2.現在進(jìn)行時(shí)(the present continuous tense)可表示:

(1)現在或現在這一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

Where are they having the basketball match? 他們在哪里賽籃球。

(2)最近按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但這僅限于少量動(dòng)詞,如:go, come, leave, start, arrive, return等。

We are leaving on Friday. 我們星期五動(dòng)身。

(3)代替一般現在時(shí),表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作和狀態(tài),這時(shí)是為了表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種感情。如贊嘆,厭煩,等。

He is always thinking of others. 他總是想著(zhù)別人(贊許)。

He is constantly leaving things about. 他老是把東西亂扔(不滿(mǎn))。

He is always boasting. 他老愛(ài)說(shuō)大話(huà)(厭煩)。

3.現在完成時(shí)(the present perfect tense)可表示:

(1)到現在為止的這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的情況(可能是多次動(dòng)作的總和,也可表示狀態(tài)和習慣性的動(dòng)作)

How many pages have you covered today? 你今天看了多少頁(yè)?

She has been ill for three days. 她病了三天。

(2)對現狀有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

The delegation has already left. 代表團已經(jīng)走了。(說(shuō)明現在不在這里)

Look what you've done. 瞧你干的事。

4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(the past indefinite tense)可表示:

(1)過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

I wasn't in last night. 昨天晚上我不在家。

有些情況,發(fā)生的時(shí)間不很清楚,但實(shí)際上是過(guò)去發(fā)生的,應當用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。

What was the final score? 最后的比分怎樣?

(2)談到已死人的情況時(shí)多用過(guò)去時(shí)。

Lei Feng often helped others. 雷鋒經(jīng)常幫助別人。

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