Unit 2 The Environment

Words and Expressions

I. Word extension

1.economy---___________(adj.) -- ______________(經(jīng)濟學(xué)家) 2.environment---_______________(adj.)-- _____________（環(huán)境保護專(zhuān)家）

3.preservation---____________(vt.) 4.poisonous---_______________(n.)

5.benefit---______________(adj.) 6.responsible---____________(n.)

7.stable---______________(n.) 8.effective---___________(n.)--________(vt.)

9.destruction---____________(vt.) 10.disappoint---_______________(n.)

11.establish---_____________(n.) 12.concern-_________(adj.)--________(prep)

13.conservation---___________(vt.) 14.prohibit---_______________(n.)

15.expand---______________(n.) 16.appreciate---______________(n.)

17.shame--_______________(adj.) 18.decrease---________________(反義詞)

19. technical ---_____________(技術(shù)人員) 20. diverse---_________________(n.)

II. Key words

1.debate ⑴vt. &vi 辯論，爭論

搭配：debate（about）sth. with sb.

debate wh-+to do

debate with oneself 獨自考慮，心中盤(pán)算

⑵n. 辯論，爭論

under debate 正在辯論中

eg. 1. 他們正在爭辯什么？_______________________________________

2. 他們正在討論去還是不去。_________________________________________

3. 我們必須就這件事和父母討論一下。__________________________________.

拓展：beyond debate 無(wú)可爭辯

open a debate 展開(kāi)爭辯

hold a debate 舉行爭辯

a warm debate 激烈的爭辯

2.lay vt. 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋，放置，擺放 （laid , laid ）

lie (撒謊)----lied---lied

lie（平躺）---lay---lain

eg. 不要把你的外套放在床上。

______________________________________________________

My brother ______ the hen aside, saying, “It doesn’t _____well these days, perhaps it is sick.

A. lay, lay B. lied, lay C. laid, lie D. laid, lay

拓展：lay aside 把----放在一邊，儲存（某物）待用

lay off 解雇（工人）

lay out 攤開(kāi)，擺出

3. approach ⑴vt & vi 接近，靠近，著(zhù)手處理

eg 1.______________________________ 教師節快到了。

2. He is a man hard ___________________. 他是個(gè)難以接近的人。

3. She __________ everything in a peculiar way.

她處理問(wèn)題方式很怪。

⑵ n. [u] 靠近，臨近 [c] 通路，入口，方法，途徑（常和介詞to連用）

I like her_________ to the problem.

我喜歡她解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法。

拓展： make approaches to sb. 設法接近。。。

approach sb. on/about sth. 為。。。與。。。打交道

be easy of approach （人）容易接近；(地方)容易到達，交通方便

4. shock ⑴vt. 使震驚，使震動(dòng)

eg. It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.

想到我們差一點(diǎn)喪命，我就非常害怕。

____________________________________________.

他的所作所為讓我們很震驚。

⑵ n.[c] 令人震驚的事件（情況）消息

_____________ it is to hear that the factory would have to close.

A. What a shock B. What shock

C. How a shock D. How shock

5. closely adv. 強調程度上“嚴密地，緊密地，相似地，仔細地。

close adj. &adv. 強調空間距離上近。

Don’t stand too ______ to the dog. 別離狗太近。

He listened ______to me. 他仔細地聽(tīng)我講話(huà)。

We were so _______ packed in the lift that I could hardly move.

我們緊緊地擠在電梯里，我幾乎動(dòng)彈不了。

6. measure ⑴n. 措施，方法，程度

⑵vt. 測量（長(cháng)度，大小，重量等）

The centimeter is a _________ of length. 厘米是長(cháng)度的單位。

The tailor ________ me for a suit. 裁縫量了我的尺寸好做西裝。

拓展： take measures to do sth. 采取措施做……

beyond measure 非常地，過(guò)度地

in large measure/ in some measure 在很大/某種程度上

take one’s measure 量。。。的尺寸；判斷。。。的性格

7. concern ⑴.vt. 與……有關(guān)， 關(guān)系到，使有關(guān)，使擔心

be concerned about sth. 擔心，憂(yōu)慮

concern oneself about/ with sth. 使自己關(guān)心……

e.g. Don’t ________ yourself _______other people’s affairs. 別干涉他人的事。

So/as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就----而言

拓展：concerned adj. 憂(yōu)慮的（前置定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)），concerning prep. 關(guān)于

e.g. __________ ____________ 憂(yōu)慮的家長(cháng)

a ___________ _________ 憂(yōu)慮的表情

____________ your advice, I am thinking about it.

It’s a question ____________ ___________ ____________ _____________.

這是個(gè)關(guān)于他個(gè)人生活的問(wèn)題。

8. remain ⑴vi. 剩余，遺留，停留

e.g. She _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ her children.

她留在家中照顧小孩。

After the fire, _________ ___________. 火災過(guò)后，所剩無(wú)幾。

⑵ link v. 仍然是，保存=stay

Although he was asked again and again, he ________ _________. 雖被反復追問(wèn)，他仍然保持緘默。

拓展：remaining adj. 剩下的（常作前置定語(yǔ)） cf. left adj. 剩下的（常作后置定語(yǔ)）

remain to be done 留待以后再說(shuō)

e.g. It remains to be seen whether he will pass the test.

9. decrease 減少，減小 （反義詞：increase）

decrease in … 在……方面減少

decrease by… 減少（數量）

decrease to… 減少到（結果）

e.g. _________ growth is decreasing ______1.4% each year. 每年人口的增長(cháng)減少了1.4%。

The boss is going to __________ ________ __________. 老板準備減少他的報酬。

The membership decreased ________ 150. 會(huì )員數減少到150人。

Since 1945, air forces have decreased _________ _________.1945年以來(lái)，空軍的數量已經(jīng)有了減少。

III．Key phrases

1. in addition 另外，加之 cf. in addition to 加之……；除了……之外。

When he fell off his bike, he hurt his arm and, _______ __________ _________ his glasses. 他從車(chē)上摔下來(lái)，摔傷了，胳膊，還摔壞了眼鏡。

There was an earthquake and, ________ ________, (另外) there were huge waves.

He speaks French _______ ________ _________ English. （除了英語(yǔ)以為）

2. wipe out

⑴徹底消滅，摧毀， 除去，擦洗干凈

________________________________________________. 整個(gè)村莊在戰爭中被毀滅。

These stains won’t easily ________ ________. 這些斑點(diǎn)不易去掉。

拓展：wipe away 擦去，消除

wipe off 擦掉，除掉

wipe up 擦凈，擦掉

3. cut back (on) 消減，縮減，減少

___________________________________________. 我們應該減少開(kāi)支。

拓展： cut off 切斷 cut in 插嘴， 超車(chē)

cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒，消減

Don’t ________ while I’m speaking.

You’d better cut ________ on eating out in restaurants.

A. off B. down C. in D. away

4. run out （of） 用完；耗盡

e.g. ____________________________________. 我們很快就會(huì )吃完我們的食物。

改為同義句Our food _______________________________.

拓展： run across=run into 偶然發(fā)現；偶然碰到

in the long run 從長(cháng)遠看；終究

in the short run 在短期內；目前，當前

5. open the floor 自由發(fā)言

eg. After ________ the poem, the children ______________ for discussion.

讀完這首詩(shī)歌后，孩子們開(kāi)始自由討論。

拓展：ask for the floor 要求發(fā)言

be on the floor 還在發(fā)言中

give the floor to 給于發(fā)言權

take the floor 開(kāi)始發(fā)言

6. be stocked with 裝備有……

_____________________ 這書(shū)架上裝有好多書(shū)。

拓展：

in stock 備有， 有現貨

7. result in 導致/引起 （+結果）

result from 由于（+原因）

lead to (doing ) sth. 導致；通向

The accident resulted _______ three deaths. 這個(gè)事故導致三人死亡。

The accident ________________________________.

Three deaths ________________________________

Answers:

I.1.economic- economist 2. environmental- environmentalist

3.preserve 4. poison 5. beneficial 6. responsibility 7. stability

8. effect- affect 9. destroy 10. disappointment 11. establishment

12. concerned-concerning 13. conserve 14. prohibition 15. expansion

16. appreciation 17. shameful 18. decrease 19. technician 20. diversity

II. 1.

1. What are they debating about?

2. They are debating whether to go or not.

3. We must debate the question with parents.

2.

Don’t lay your coat on the bed.

D

3.

1. Teachers’ day is approaching.

2. to approach

3. approaches

approach

4.

what he had done shocked us most.

A.

5.

close, closely, closely.

6. measure

measured

7. concern …with/ about

concerned parents , concerned look, concerning.

Concerning his private life

8. remained at home to look after

little remained

remained silent

9. population by

decrease his wage/ pay

to

in size

III.

1. in addition to/ in addition/ in addition to

2. the whole village was wiped out in the battle / war

wipe out

3.we should cut back on our expenses

cut in ,

B.

4.we will soon run out of our food

will soon run out

5.reading, opened the floor.

6.The bookshelf is stocked with lots of books

7.in

led to three deaths

resulted from the accident.