1.現在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示現在之前已發(fā)生過(guò)或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),但其結果卻和現在有聯(lián)系,也就是說(shuō),動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現在還存在.

　　I have lost my wallet.(含義是:現在我沒(méi)有錢(qián)花了.)

　　Jane has laid the table.(含義是:已可以吃飯了.)

　　Michael has been ill.(含義是:現在仍然很虛弱)

　　He has returned from abroad. (含義是:現在已在此地)

　　2. 現在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的,持續到現在的情況,常與for,since連用.

　　Mary has been ill for three days.

　　I have lived here since 1998.

　　3. 現在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如already, yet, just, before, recently,still, lately等:

　　He has already obtained a scholarship.

　　I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).

　　We have seen that film before.

　　Have they found the missing child yet

　　4. 現在完成時(shí)常常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:

　　Have you ever been to Beijing

　　I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.

　　I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.

　　George has met that gentleman on several occasions.

　　5. 現在完成時(shí)還往往可以同包括現在時(shí)間在內的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等:

　　Peter has written six papers so far.

　　Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.

　　There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.

　　The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.

　　Up to the present everything has been successful.

　　6. 現在完成時(shí)表示現在之前業(yè)已完成的動(dòng)作,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續,但是有一些現在完成時(shí)的句子,在后面加上for+一段時(shí)間,則現在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作就表示延續性.

　　Thomas has studied Russian. (現在不再學(xué)俄語(yǔ))

　　Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2點(diǎn)用法第一個(gè)例句)