一般現在時(shí)

　　1.概念：指經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現在的某種狀況。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

　　3.基本結構：動(dòng)詞+ 原形 （如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數，動(dòng)詞上要加（e）S）

　　4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。

　　6.例句：. It seldom snows here.

　　He is always ready to help others.

　　Action speaks louder than words.

　　7.特殊用法：一些動(dòng)詞可用一般現在時(shí)來(lái)表達現在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

　　verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smell

　　verbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember

　　verbs of the linking: dislike,fear,hate,like,love,want

　　verbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　　1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1999, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

　　3.基本結構：含有Be動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)+was/were+......

　　不含有be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+......

　　4.否定句：帶be:主語(yǔ)+was/were not+動(dòng)詞原形+......

　　不帶be：主語(yǔ)+didn't+動(dòng)詞原形+......

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：含be動(dòng)詞was或were放于句首；

　　不含be動(dòng)詞用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞原型。

　　6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.

　　I didn't know you were so busy.

　　She sang a song of Lin Feng yesterday[1].

　　現在進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　1.概念：表示現階段或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.

　　3.基本結構：Be動(dòng)詞、am/is/are+doing

　　4.否定形式：Be動(dòng)詞、am/is/are+not+doing.

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于疑問(wèn)詞的后面。

　　6.例句：How are you feeling today?

　　He is doing well in his lessons.

　　7. 一般表示位移的詞如leave fly arrive go come. 等用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。

　　I am flying Beijing next week .表示我下周即將飛往北京。

　　He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 他明天即將去北京。

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　1.概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。

　　3.基本結構：was/were + doing

　　4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。

　　6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

　　When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

　　現在完成時(shí)

　　1.概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現在造成的影響或結果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續到現在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

　　3.基本結構：have/has + done

　　4.否定形式：have/has + not + done.

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has提前。

　　6.例句：I've written an article.

　　It has been raining these days.

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)

　　1.概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),by the time...,etc.

　　3.基本結構：had + done.

　　4.否定形式：had + not + done.

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首。

　　6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

　　By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　　1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

　　3.基本結構：am/is/are + going to + do；will/shall + do.

　　4.否定形式：am/is/are + not+going to; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加will/shall(will適用于所有人稱(chēng)，shall只用于第一人稱(chēng)）

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

　　6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

　　It is going to rain.

　　I think he will be back soon

　　過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

　　1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。

　　2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

　　3.基本結構：was/were + going to + do；would/should + do.

　　4.否定形式：was/were + not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.

　　5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。

　　6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.

　　I asked who was going there .

　　2初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法八大時(shí)態(tài)

　　一、一般現在時(shí)：

　　基本結構：①動(dòng)詞原形 ②主語(yǔ)三單：動(dòng)詞原形+s/es

　　三種常考基本用法：1、經(jīng)常性和習慣性動(dòng)作

　　Eg. I always get up early.

　　2、客觀(guān)事實(shí)和普遍真理

　　Eg. The earth goes around the sun.

　　3、在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句及條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,一般現在表將來(lái)

　　If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic.

　　其中,第三種用法就是學(xué)生們熟知的"主將從現"的原則,這一點(diǎn)大家務(wù)必掌握,此知識點(diǎn)會(huì )在初二學(xué)習,同時(shí)也是中考重要考點(diǎn).

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

　　always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc.

　　二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

　　基本結構：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

　　基本用法：

　　1、過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

　　Eg. I got up late yesterday.

　　2、過(guò)去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作

　　Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc.

　　三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：

　　基本結構：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.

　　基本用法：

　　am/is/are/going to + do

　　1、（人）計劃打算做某事

　　Eg. I'm going to go shopping with my mom tomorrow.

　　2、（事）即將發(fā)生

　　Eg. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain.

　　will/shall do

　　1、將來(lái)的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)（相對較長(cháng)遠）

　　Eg. You'll have your own house in the future.

　　2、禮貌詢(xún)問(wèn)、客氣邀請

　　Eg. Will you go with me?

　　3、意愿

　　Eg. I will do it for you.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+時(shí)間段（格外注意）,etc.

　　四、現在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

　　基本結構：am/is/are+現在分詞

　　基本用法：1、此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

　　Eg. I am writing a letter now.

　　2、現階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

　　Eg. I am reading a book these days.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.

　　五、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

　　基本結構：was/were+現在分詞

　　基本用法：1、過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

　　Eg. He was playing computer games when his father came home.

　　2、過(guò)去某時(shí)段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

　　Eg. He was doing his homework while his mother was cooking.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等.

　　六、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：

　　基本結構：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.

　　基本用法：從過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)看將來(lái),常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中.

　　Eg. He said that he would marry her.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

　　七、現在完成時(shí)：

　　基本結構：have/has + 過(guò)去分詞

　　基本用法：

　　1、過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現在造成的影響或結果

　　Eg. I have finished my homework.

　　2、過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,持續到現在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

　　Eg. We have waited for her for 2 hours.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, so far, up to now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段, in the past few years, etc.

　　現在完成時(shí)是考試中的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),同學(xué)們需要格外加強.特別注意瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續性動(dòng)詞的轉化問(wèn)題,具體會(huì )在課程中詳細講解,在此不加以贅述.

　　八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)：

　　基本結構：had + 過(guò)去分詞

　　基本用法：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標準,在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為,即"過(guò)去的過(guò)去".

　　Eg. Just before the English class, I suddenly realized that I had left my English textbook at home.

　　常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, after, by the end of last year(month…),etc.